What is the correct wiring diagram for a telephone cable?
I think that everyone who has, or had, a landline telephone has been faced with the task of crimping a telephone cable. If a person is familiar with this matter, there is nothing complicated. If you have never encountered such a task before, it may seem simply impossible. But I really don’t want to call a specialist for such a small thing. Well, don’t worry, the task is quite real.
It is very inconvenient to work with such thin veins, especially if you do not have the appropriate tool, they tear very easily. Each core is enclosed in insulation of a certain color. Each wire must be connected to its own contact, but for this you need to know the connection diagram. There are two standard standards, they are called T568A and T568B. In Russia it is customary to use the second one - T568B. Although, I don’t see any particular contraindications to other standards, if there is such a need. However, choose only one scheme and stick to it on each section of the cable line.
You will need the following:
- telephone wire,
- crimping device (if not, you can rent it),
- RJ-45 connector
Cut the shell with a construction or stationery knife, remove it and the internal conductors will appear in front of you, straighten the wires and arrange them the way they should be located. Align them along the same line lengthwise and if they are different lengths, trim off the excess. Insert the wires into the connector all the way, making sure that each wire fits into its own groove. Compress and enjoy the work done.
You can also try to crimp the cable with a screwdriver, but this is a last resort; you can find tutorials on YouTube.
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RJ11 RJ12 - differences and similarities
These standards have some similarities and differences:
- RJ11 and RJ12 use the same 6-slot connector.
- The difference between RJ11 and RJ12 is visible solely in the number of contact conductors. In RJ12, all three pairs of contacts are used, in contrast, in RJ11, out of 6 available slots, 2 are not used.
External differences between connectors
- RJ11, like RJ12, is most often used in telephone systems. However, RJ12 is also found in other configurations.
- RJ11 is common in residential buildings, while RJ12 is not often found there, except in large companies.
- Both connectors use special crimping tools to install the RJ series. There are universal crimping pliers that allow you to crimp a variety of RJ-11, RJ-12, RJ-45, 4P4C connectors, and a crimping tool that only crimps a specific type of connector.
Tools for servicing this type of cable
Telephone sockets - types and a little about their installation
Telephone sockets are included in the category of information electrical installation products. Their main purpose is to transmit data, which is why they differ from electrical outlets.
Necessary use for subscriber equipment, connection of mini-PBX, individual telephones, modems and faxes and other office equipment with the telephone network
The design of the socket depends on the presence of one or more connectors, their types and the difference in the cross-connect field.
There are several types of sockets
- RJ-11, this type of socket is marked as XP - XC demonstrates the number of positions and the number of active connected contacts.
The table shows the pinout of detachable convectors: RJ-11, RJ-12 (RJ-25), RJ-14
- RJ-11 type sockets, this marking indicates that the design uses connectors: 4p4c or 4p2c. 4p, there are 4 working contacts in the socket. If the connector is indicated as 2c and 4c, then this indicates that 2 and 4 contact blades are working. This type of connector is used to connect its handset to a telephone set.
- RJ-12 type sockets marked as 6р4с; 6р2с; 6р6с indicates that the first number indicates the number of seats, the second marked number indicates how many contact knives can be inserted into the socket. A similar connector is used in telephony for switching a telephone network line into a patch panel and for connecting the device to a telephone socket of a local network.
Rice. No. 2. The telephone network plug differs in the number of contacts involved.
For installation and correct connection of connectors, twisted cable pairs are crimped. Soldering is not used for connection. Crimping operations are performed using crimper pliers. For error-free cable connection in modern sockets, the Jung mechanism is used; the cable inserted into the device is connected by piercing without the use of additional tools and without removing the insulation which has become unnecessary. The mechanism works by turning the mounting screw ¼ turn.
Classification of telephone sockets by type of installation
There are overhead and built-in sockets, and the second type is used to maintain a presentable appearance of the interior and requires hidden installation of telephone wire.
In addition, there are sockets, distinguished by the type of configuration, which combine in their design contact sockets for connecting a telephone network and sockets for connecting a computer or modem for an Ethernet network. The security of communication and the high speed that these electrical installation products can provide, up to 100 Mbit/s, make them indispensable and in-demand devices in a modern apartment.
Installation of a telephone socket
Important: When installing telephone sockets and connecting them, you must remember that the red conductor is traditionally considered a minus, and the green conductor is a plus.
The polarity in the sockets can be checked using a multimeter; if the connection is incorrect, then you will see a minus on the display. When plugging a six-pin connector into an RC45 telephone socket with 8-pin outputs, a short circuit may occur. Without any consequences, only a 6-pin connector can be connected to a computer socket. The wire for laying a telephone line is used type TRP 2x0.4 (noodles) with a dividing strip between the conductors for safe fastening for the wire and for convenient stripping.
Currently, optical fiber is increasingly used for multi-channel communication lines. Their advantage is excellent insulation and conductivity of information. UPMK is used to secure the technological supplies of the optical cable on the supports. More details can be found here https://td.opten.spb.ru/komm/uzdelia-vnutrizonovie-MTOK?obj=100
Write comments or additions to the article, maybe I missed something. Take a look at the site map, I will be glad if you find anything else useful on my site.
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RJ 11 cable for telephone communication
The information that the RJ 11 telephone cable is used to connect communication devices to the network is well known to everyone, but the details of this topic remain a mystery to ignorant citizens.
General concept of RJ 11 cable
First, let's decipher the abbreviation RJ - REGISTERED JACK. We are talking about a standardized interface that allows telecommunications to be connected. There are several types of modular connectors, the RJ11 specification is a socket with a plug that has a pair of conductors and six pins.
In practice, some cables are interchangeable, since they differ only in the number of contact plugs. For example, an RJ 14 telephone cable has 4 plugs, and its RJ11 only has 2, there is also an RJ25 modification with 6 plugs.
If we are talking about classic telephony, then it is enough to use cables with a pair of central contacts. A model with 4 wires will be in demand when creating analog telephony with a four-wire circuit. In other words, a 4-wire telephone cable is required when connecting a telephone, in accordance with the “secretary-director” scheme. It is also relevant when creating system four-wire telephony in the case of using and programming a digital PBX.
Replacing the RJ 11 cable
To replace a telephone cable, you only need to understand the color scheme. The line is connected to the green and red wires (Fig. 2), which in the case of RJ-11 corresponds to the third and fourth pins located in the middle. The 2-wire telephone cable has the following specification: green wire - “+”; red wire - " - ".
Attention! You can determine the polarity using a tester; if it is not available, you can stick the bare wires into a fresh cut of a potato, which will darken next to the positively charged wire.
RJ-11 cannot be used when organizing a structured cabling system. When replacing a telephone cable, you need to pay attention to the following points:
twisting of pairs is maintained near the termination point;
it is prohibited to remove the outer shell in volumes larger than required by the installation conditions;
twisted pairs must be the same size.
The use of RJ 11 cable when creating a telephone line complies with European standards. It is necessary to strictly follow the instructions, observe the color ratio when connecting twisted pairs and use high-quality consumables.
Connector Standards
Even with apparent similarities, these connectors have differences in standards.
RJ-11
A 6-position 2-pin plug is provided under the RJ11 interface. In modern practice, it can also be a 2-pin and 4-pin connector (called RJ11 and RJ14, although hardly anyone knows the latter name). In devices with an analog operating principle, in any case, only 2 central contacts are used.
RJ-11
RJ-12
The most significant differentiating feature is that RJ11 actually exists, while the popular name RJ12 actually replaces RJ25. There is a big difference between what is said and the interface that is actually applied.
RJ12 complies with 6P6C wiring standard. It follows that the connector also has 6 wires, occupying all available contacts.
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Any plug with 6 positions can be crimped using the same tool. The matrix contains all 6 positions and is only used to touch fewer conductors on the plug. The positions at the edge of the matrix do not perform any useful action. It follows from this that it is better to use 6-pin plugs for more even wear of the plug, but in fact, the extreme positions of the matrix always suffer more wear than those in the central position.
Important! If such a plug is to be inserted into an 8-position socket, it is necessary to select a plug with a well-designed plastic sidewall design.
RJ-12
Connecting a telephone socket
Between the metal contacts, a recess is required for the power wire. If it doesn’t help, then check the connection diagram, as well as the integrity and reliability of the wire contacts. Features and rules for connecting a socket Each existing type of socket has its own connection features, but below we list the features of mounting RJ and RJ type sockets, which are in great demand. We will tell you how to do this below. Almost all types of sockets are connected to the network using two contacts.
The line in such cases is also usually drawn in an open, external way; internal, when installed in a recess specially provided for this purpose.
Wire Color Coding Standards Different manufacturers have different color coding standards.
There is no need to wrap the joints with electrical tape. The communication socket for a low-current network is where the telephone connects to the communication network. The second type includes 4 wires, which is convenient, for example, for an office where a larger number of channels is needed. The following types can be distinguished: Soviet model RTShK-4; modern RJs, usually used at home; modern RJs, used in offices for connecting faxes, laying a modem line and for other equipment; modern RJs, which are special-purpose connectors; universal or combined, combining two or more types of connectors, for example, RTShK-4 and RJ Connecting a telephone socket and IP telephony. How to install and connect a telephone socket?
