Basic abbreviations in electrical engineering and energy.

How does KTP differ from TP?

TP is a transformer substation consisting of transformers, switchgear, protection and measurement devices (electrical installation). It serves to convert and distribute electrical energy. TPs are divided into conversion and distribution.

Depending on the purpose and area of ​​use, transformer substations are divided into the following types:

• transformer point further TP - serves to power electrical energy receivers with a voltage of 230, 400 V, has a primary voltage of 6, 10, 35 kV
• main step-down substation GPP - is a substation for installation on the territory of various enterprises, “powered” by the regional energy system, and subsequently distributes electrical energy in a reduced form throughout the enterprise where it is used
• Nodal distribution substation URP is a central type substation that receives power from the energy system and distributes this electricity in a partially transformed form or without transforming it at all, via deep input with a voltage of 35-220 kV.
• deep input substation PGV - a substation receiving power from the energy system or central distribution point. Designed to provide electric current to individual objects or group electrical installations. The PGV substation is designed according to simplified switching diagrams on the primary voltage side.

Transformer substations completely manufactured at the factory consist of transformers, complete units, distribution equipment, various auxiliary devices that have insulation of live parts - they are called complete transformer substations KTP.

KTP is a complete transformer substation that operates to receive electrical energy with a rated voltage of 6-10 kV, followed by its conversion to a voltage of 0.4 kV and distribution of the transformed consumer energy to the end user.

Based on the above, we can conclude that one of the differences between a transformer substation (TS) and a complete transformer substation (KTS) is the complete factory readiness of the KTS.

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What is the difference between TP and KTP

Transformer substation (TS) is an electrical installation for increasing or decreasing the voltage in the electrical network. The device receives, converts and distributes electrical energy across consumer power supply systems. The main elements of the equipment are power transformers.

Transformer substations are used for different purposes.

1. Nodal distribution substation (URS). The device receives electrical energy with a voltage (U) of 110-220 kV, distributes it with or without incomplete transformation to a deep input substation at U = 35-220 kV.
2. Transformation point (TP). Powers receivers at voltages up to 400 V. Primary U - 6/10/35 kV.
3. Deep entry substation (DHS). The device powers several production units or a separate facility. PGW receives energy from the power system itself or the central distribution point in production. U at the input - 35-220 kV.
4. The main step-down substation (MSS) is installed at enterprises, receives electrical energy from a regional source at U from 35 to 220 V, and redistributes it at a reduced voltage.

Complete transformer substation (KTP) is an electrical installation that receives current from a power plant with a rated voltage of 6-10 kV and converts it into a current of 0.4 kV. The equipment consists of high and low voltage switchgear, a power or dry transformer and additional elements: insulators, fuses, an element for electricity metering, power switches, etc., depending on the model.

KTP, unlike PT, is supplied by the manufacturer in a fully equipped form. The transformer substation is assembled in parts: a room for the equipment is built separately, and components are purchased separately. This is the difference between the devices.

Differences between KTP and KTPN

The configuration and type of package transformer depends on the place of its use. It is installed:

• inside buildings as built-in equipment, an extension (built-in, attached);
• inside the workshop (shop);
• outside structures in the form of iron kiosks (kiosk);
• outdoors on special masts with a maintenance platform (mast);
• in the open air on poles with assembly on prepared supports of overhead power lines (pole).

The last three devices are classified as KTPN - outdoor KTP. This subtype of complete TP is installed on the street. The design of the KTPN is adapted to precipitation, temperature fluctuations, street dust and dirt. It consists of a power frame with panel cladding. The latter is made from thick steel sheets.

Differences between KTP and BKTP

Block complete transformer substation (BCTS) is an electrical installation intended for outdoor use. Electrical equipment is mounted in a reinforced concrete housing, similar to a small building, and in this form is transported to the site. The roof of the structure is reinforced with heat and waterproofing materials, and grilles are installed in the doors and gates for natural air circulation.

The difference between KTP and BKTP lies in the design and dimensions of the electrical equipment. The complete TP is smaller than the block one and has a more compact body made of metal. In addition, the first substation supplies electricity to small settlements and construction sites. The second is larger industrial enterprises, large settlements, and individual areas of the city.

Difference between KTP and KTPN

Specialists responsible for the selection and installation of transformer equipment often ask the question: what is the difference between KTP and KTPN? A detailed answer to it is in this article.

What is KTP?

The abbreviation stands for “complete transformer substation.” This is the name of modern equipment designed to reduce the voltage of the electric current coming from the power plant and distribute it to end consumers. The PTS accepts current with a voltage of 6-10 kV, the voltage of the output current is 0.4 kV.

The design of the package transformer substation includes everything that is necessary for the full and safe operation of the substation - that is why it is called complete:

• dry or oil power transformer;
• RUVN and RUNN - high and low voltage switchgears;
• emergency load switches;
• circuit breakers;
• power switches;
• heating subsystem, electricity meter, other devices, the list of which depends on the model of the complete transformer substation.

Types of package transformer substations

Based on design features and location, the following types of substations are distinguished:

• intended for indoor installation. They, in turn, are divided into intra-shop, built-in and attached;
• intended for outdoor installation. Used in situations where the operation of substations for indoor installation is impossible or impractical;
• mast Mounted outdoors on special masts - single, double or others, complemented by a platform for maintenance;
• pillar They are also used outdoors and assembled on already installed overhead power line supports.

Based on the number and method of connecting electrical lines, there are:

• checkpoints;
• branch;
• nodal;
• dead-end transformer substations.

Based on the number of units for converting electricity, one- and two-transformer transformer substations are distinguished.

What is KTPN?

In the list above, varieties were mentioned that are installed and operated outside buildings. They are designated by the abbreviation KTPN, which stands for “complete transformer substation for outdoor installation.” The equipment included in this group has another name - kiosk substations.

The main modules included in the design of the KTPN were listed above in the description of the KTP. There is a feature that distinguishes substations for outdoor installation from other types. From the outside, the KTPN is protected by a load-bearing frame covered with panels - usually made of sheet steel of considerable thickness. This solution allows substations to be operated outdoors in any weather conditions, making them insensitive to temperature changes, precipitation, wind, and pollution. KTPN has other advantages:

• they can be equipped with additional equipment to solve certain problems;
• they are mobile, they can be transported either fully assembled or in the form of separate blocks;
• due to the presence of protection systems, they are safe to use;
• Finally, thanks to auxiliary devices and accessories, they are easy to maintain.

So, now we can formulate an answer to the question of what is the difference between QFT and QTPN. The first abbreviation is of a general nature; it denotes all complete-type substations - both installed inside buildings and intended for external installation. The second abbreviation has a narrower meaning - it denotes only substations operated outside buildings.

powerproekt.com

TRANSFORMER SUBSTATIONS 6-10 kV

Transformer substations are designed to receive three-phase electrical energy with a voltage of 6 (10) kV, transform, distribute at a voltage of 0.4/0.23 kV for power supply to industrial facilities, urban and rural electrical networks, small industrial facilities, construction sites. Types of transformer substations: • Mast transformer substations – a transformer substation of the KTPM type consists of a high-voltage power transformer device and a low-voltage switchgear; Cost: from 35,000 rub. • Cabinet-type transformer substation (CTPS) – consists of a high-voltage cabinet, a power transformer and a low-voltage cabinet; Cost: from 45,000 rub. • Kiosk-type PTS (KTPK) – consists of a high-voltage input, a power transformer compartment and a low-voltage switchgear compartment. The following combinations of high-voltage input and low-voltage outputs are possible: (VV), (VK), (KK), where the first letter (V..) or (K..) is the design of the high-voltage input: air or cable; the second letter (..B) or (..K) – design of low-voltage terminals: air or cable. Cost: from 80,000 rub. • PTS of pass-through type: – PTS for urban networks; – KTPP for industry; – KTPPN for power supply of submersible pumps of oil wells; – KTPKS for powering submersible pumps of oil well clusters. – KTPU universal. – dead-end type package transformer substation Cost: from 80,000 rubles. • outdoor package transformer substations; Cost: from 45,000 rub. • Any non-standard substation according to the customer's questionnaire.

TP PS MTP KTP KTPSH STP OSTP

In this article we will look at what a PTS , what kind of PTS there are, what they are intended for, what is their design difference and why there is confusion in their types. For an accurate understanding, we will need the following definitions: clause 4.2.6 (PUE Seventh Edition): Transformer substation (TS) is an electrical installation designed for receiving, converting and distributing energy and consisting of transformers, switchgear, control devices, technological and auxiliary structures. clause 4.2.10 (PUE Seventh Edition): KTP - complete transformer substation - substation, consisting of transformers, units (switchgear switchgear and switchgear switchgear) and other elements supplied assembled or fully prepared at the manufacturer for assembly. A large selection of standard substation solutions is presented in our “ Regulatory Base ” in the corresponding section . The definitions are quite accurate and comprehensive, however, it is common to hear that when it comes to package transformer substation, carried out according to standard specifications from MOESK, the talking parties imagine different devices. So that all parties see the same picture, let's consider variations of QFT. The most common TP for individual buildings, villages, individual plots is MTP . The mast transformer substation is the cheapest transformer substation, often called “Collective Farmer” because of its low cost and extremely simple design. The appearance and possible dimensions of the MTP are presented in the figure below:

MTP is an open transformer substation, all the equipment of which is installed on structures (including on two or more racks of overhead line supports) with a service platform at a height that does not require fencing of the substation. In this case, it is important to note that this type of substation does not require fencing of the substation. MTP is often performed in sizes from 25 kVA to 250 kVA . An equally common TP for power supply to plots, individual cottages and other consumers up to 63 kVA is STP (OSTP) . STP (OSTP) - Pole (Single-Pole) transformer substation is a type of collective image of a package transformer substation; the most common type is STS assembled on one support. The appearance and possible dimensions of the STP (OSTP) are presented in the figure below:

STP equipment:

1. Transformer. 2. Cabinet RUNN. 3. Fuse. 4. Valve arrester (surge suppressor). 5. Cross beam 0.23 kV. 6. Cross beam 10 kV.

STP (OSTP) is an open transformer substation, all the equipment of which is installed on a single-column overhead line support at a height that does not require fencing of the substation. STP (OSTP) is often performed in sizes up to 63 kVA .

The next segment is more expensive PS. KTPSH - A complete cabinet-type transformer substation is a type of KTP; the most common type is KTPSH assembled on 4 stepsons (USO racks) with the presence of a RUNN and UVN cabinet. Unlike previous variations, KTPSH requires a fence; as a rule, it is mesh.

The appearance and possible dimensions of the KTPSh located on the stepsons (USO racks) are shown in the figure below:

KTPSH equipment : 1. Transformer. 2. Fuse cabinet. 3. Cabinet RUNN. 4. Protective casing for transformer terminals. 5. 10 kV bushing insulator. 6. Pin insulator 10 kV. 7. Valve arrester (surge suppressor). 8. Rack USO 3A, length 3600mm.

This article covers most of the variations of QTP, but not all; gradually the article will be supplemented with new, less common TP. Continuation of the article - KTPTAS (KTPPAS), KTPGS, KTPN , KTPNU You can discuss this article on our forum, your opinion and your vision of the situation are very important to us

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What is TP

TP (transformer substation) is an electrical installation that is used only for the conversion and distribution of electrical energy. The TP usually includes:

• one or more transformers
• current distribution devices
• protective equipment
• measuring device

Also, a distinctive feature of KTP from TP is that the complete transformer substation is produced immediately in full factory readiness.

What is the difference between BKTP and KTP

BKTP is a block modular transformer substation of a dead-end or pass-through type, the body of which is made of concrete blocks. The purpose of the BKTP is the distribution and conversion of electrical energy of three-phase alternating current up to 10 kV with a frequency of 50 Hz. This purpose is used to supply power to large industrial enterprises, cities, country and cottage villages, etc.

KTP is a complete transformer substation of a dead-end or pass-through type, the body of which is made in the form of a metal welded kiosk. Two or one transformer is installed in the transformer substation. The substation is a complete transformer substation for receiving three-phase alternating electric current with a frequency of 50 Hz and a voltage of 6 (10) kilovolts, with its subsequent conversion and distribution. The KTP substation is intended for outdoor installation (in open areas). Scope of application: industrial enterprises, country and cottage villages, urban and rural settlements, construction sites, etc.

Features of BKTP

The BKTP transformer substation is a building with one floor or, in other words, a voluminous cable mezzanine, which is also the foundation.

The BKTP substation consists of four prefabricated reinforced concrete elements with an insulated ceiling and a lifting roof using mineral or basalt non-combustible insulation.

The roof of the BKTP substation is waterproofed using a concrete slab with a bitumen coating and technoelast (bitumen-polymer coating). This type of waterproofing completely eliminates roof leakage during bad weather conditions.

Natural air circulation is carried out in the blocks using grilles (such as blinds) installed on the doors and gates of the BKTP. Gates and doors of the BKTP are made of cold-resistant steel.

The concrete surfaces of the block-type complete transformer substation are treated with hot bitumen in places of contact with the ground, this also gives the substation additional protection from moisture getting inside. To prevent the formation of cement dust, the floors and walls inside the BKTP are coated with paint.

For the safety of maintenance and operation, the BKTP is equipped with an internal grounding loop; also, if necessary, light and sound alarms and protective equipment for fire extinguishing agents can be installed at the substation.

The input and output of BKTP power cables is made through asbestos pipes laid in embedded holes in the walls of the substation foundation.

The walls of the BKTP are made of reinforced concrete which meets such requirements as: high strength, frost resistance and water resistance, which is important for latitudes with harsh climatic conditions.

BKTP compartments:

• power transformer housing compartment,
• compartment housing high-voltage and low-voltage equipment.
• In BKTP, oil-filled transformers with a volume of transformer oil of up to 60 kg or dry transformers are installed as power transformers.

Features of KTP

KTP is a prefabricated welded metal structure made in the form of a kiosk, which has a frame (frame) made of high-strength hardened metal.

All steel elements of the case are treated with a special compound that protects the case from corrosion and extends its service life. The substation is painted with special fire-resistant paint. For greater reliability, the KTP substation is sheathed with galvanized sheets 1.2 mm thick. All of the above indicators add up to extending the service life of the substation housing several times.

The KTP floor is a transverse flooring (solid or perforated), which has holes for cable entry and exit, as well as a special hole for emergency oil discharge from the power oil transformer.

The substation has metal doors with locks that are equipped with protection against unwanted burglary (vandal-proof system). The doors of the KTS are equipped with louvre-type windows, which allow additional ventilation of the substation from the inside, which also prevents the accumulation of condensation inside the substation (on the walls and equipment) and provides protection against overheating of the KTS, especially in hot weather. Additional equipment of the substation is: a forced ventilation system, a street and internal lighting system, a heating system, an alarm system and a video surveillance system.

KTP compartments:

• high voltage switchgear compartment (HV switchgear)
• low voltage switchgear compartment (LV switchgear)
• power transformer compartment
• connecting device on the high voltage side (HV)
• connection device on the low voltage (LV) side
• busbars

tr-ktp.ru

Basic abbreviations in electrical engineering and energy.

In many documents and literature there are abbreviations that we should know as if by default. Therefore, I am posting a small selection of such abbreviations so as not to be confused in the future. You can also look at information on the topic: Decoding the abbreviations of cables and wires.

types and designs of transformer substations, the principle of choosing KTPT for power supply of objects

KTP is a transformer substation that increases or decreases the voltage in the AC network. In addition, one of the main tasks of this equipment is the distribution of electricity across consumer power supply systems. The device avoids voltage surges that often occur during the transmission of electric current.

Design features

Power supply to the KTP is carried out via power lines with voltage from 6 to 10 kV. This value is reduced by the electrical installation equipment to the consumer value of 0.4 kV.

The design of the KTP includes:

1. RUVN - high voltage distribution device.
2. RUNN - low voltage distribution device.
3. One or two power transformers.
4. Additional and secondary devices.

RUVN provides high voltage reception and its further distribution. The device includes fuses that protect the operation of transformers and equipment. Circuit breakers are used to disconnect the load in an emergency. The RUVN includes a set of low-voltage devices that receive and distribute alternating current with a voltage of 0.4 kV. The composition of RUNN includes :

1. Protective automatic switches for input and distribution.
2. Power switches that turn off energized equipment.
3. Current transformers, which belong to additional equipment and are intended for the use of measuring instruments.
4. Heating system for substation premises and electricity meters.
5. Protection device and backup connection.

At the KTP substation, oil and dry power transformers can be used. If electrical installations are oil-based, then more complex insulation is used, and there are compartments in the floor for emergency oil discharge. When using a dry converter, simplified insulation is used.

Additional equipment includes:

• post, pin and bushing insulators;
• voltage limiters.

These devices are used to connect PTS using an overhead line from the nearest power line. The receiving equipment is bolted to the roof of the converter directly above the RUVN and RUNN compartment.

To protect the safety of specialists who service the equipment, a grounding loop is provided. It is made of a metal strip buried around the perimeter of the transformer substation 40-50 cm deep. All equipment is connected to it to protect it from stray currents.

Classification of electrical installations

Equipment is classified by structural elements, location, circuit diagrams and devices used. Depending on their location, electrical installations can be closed (ZKTP) and open (OKTP). Open equipment is installed directly on sites, and closed equipment is installed indoors and in workshops.

According to the type of assembly, there are:

• block electrical installations in a concrete casing;
• in a housing made of sandwich panels;
• in a metal case.

According to the method of servicing, PTS can be with or without a corridor. Low voltage electrical devices are divided into dead-end (KTPT) and through-type (KTPP). Both of these types belong to kiosk-type substations, that is, they are considered mobile equipment.

The mobile compact assembly is protected from external influences by a metal shell. The frequency substation (KChTP) is mounted on a flat compacted area, concrete slabs or poured foundation.

Equipment diagram

The substation layout is developed taking into account the electricity supply system for a specific facility. The manufacturer tries to make it as simple as possible so that the number of switching devices is minimal. Automatic devices are used for this.

When developing a scheme, priority is given to:

• use of tires of the same design;
• use of block diagrams;
• installation of automation and telemechanics systems.

If two power transformers are used in a substation, then it is planned to operate them separately. This allows you to reduce short circuit currents.

Sometimes transformer substations are used in parallel operation, since in some cases this is quite advisable. If an emergency occurs during parallel operation of step-down transformers in one circuit, both equipment is automatically switched off.

Selection principles

Electrical systems use substations with one or two power transformers. PTS with three power units are used very rarely, only in forced situations, as this causes unnecessary costs.

Typically, such a scheme is used for separate power supply of power and lighting equipment or to provide electricity to objects during sudden changes in loads. At large substations, experts try to use only two transformers to provide consumers with a more reliable power supply.

When a production facility uses several places for power supply or provides electricity according to a more complex input scheme, then the use of one power transformer is allowed. When supplying electricity via main lines, substations are recommended to be connected to different circuits, provided that there is a reserve.

Substations with one and two transformers

Electrical installations with one power transformer are considered more profitable, since at low loads some devices can be switched off using jumpers. This creates more economical operating conditions, that is, power losses in electrical installations are insignificant. Single-transformer substations can also be more profitable in terms of bringing 6-10 kV transmission lines closer to consumers.

Therefore, users often use two single-transformer substations instead of one double-transformer. PTS with two transformers are more often used with a large number of power consumers of categories 1 and 2. When planning a power supply system, the power of transformers is selected so that if one device fails, another will take over the load.

The provision of electricity to a populated area, city district or enterprise can be carried out from one or more substations. The choice is made after a technical and economic comparison of several options for providing electricity. Preference is given to the option that provides the minimum cost for installing the entire power supply system.

At the same time, the compared alternatives must provide the required level of reliability of electricity supply. In this case, accurate calculation of the power of each transformer is of great importance. At industrial enterprises, experts give preference to the power of one electrical device equal to 630, 1000 or 1600 kVA, and in urban areas - 400, 630 kVA.

Designers try to take into account the use of the same type of package transformer substations, since this is a more convenient option for installation and maintenance. When choosing the power of an electrical installation, the consumer’s load, the duration of the maximum load value, the rate of its increase, and the price of electricity are taken into account. In this case, an accurate calculation of the load capacity of each substation transformer is important.

In practice, the load of a power electrical device for a long period does not exceed the rated value, which extends its service life. In addition, when calculating power electrical installations, the ambient temperature of +40 °C is taken into account, but in practice it does not rise above +30 °C on average. The average service life of a complete transformer substation is 20-25 years.

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EQUIPMENT FOR THE MAIN STEP-DOWN SUBSTATION OF AN INDUSTRIAL AND RURAL PLANT

• KTPSN – Transformer substation for own needs is designed to receive, convert and distribute electrical energy. Cost: from 850,000 rub. • RTZO – Cabinets of the RTZO series are designed for powering and controlling electric drives with a power of up to 10 kW and electric drives of shut-off and control valves with a power of 14-28 kW, as well as electric motors with a power of up to 10 kW of auxiliary mechanisms of power plants. Cost: from 70,000 rub. • KSO – Chambers of complete switchgears for one-way service of the KSO series are designed for operation in electrical installations of three-phase alternating current with a frequency of 50 and 60 Hz and voltage of 6 and 10 kV for a system with an isolated or grounded neutral through an arc suppression reactor. Cost: from 14,000 rub. • ShchO70 – Panels of the ShchO70 series are designed to complete distribution boards with a voltage of 0.4 kV three-phase alternating current with a frequency of 50 Hz, which are used to receive and distribute electrical energy, protect outgoing lines from overloads and short-circuit currents. Cost: from 5800 rub. • AVR – An automatic transfer device (ATD) is designed to restore power to consumers by automatically connecting a backup power source when the working power source is turned off, and automatically restoring the main power when the working power source is restored. Cost: from 5000 rub. • Any non-standard equipment for the main step-down substation of an industrial and rural plant according to the customer’s questionnaire.

Differences between KTP and BKTP – LLC Center for Energy Solutions and Innovations

Before we begin to consider the features of existing complete-type substations, let's consider their brief definitions.

KTP (abbreviated as complete TP). It is necessary to distinguish between two types of installations: dead-end and through. Significant differences between such substations are the design features, which allow one or more working modules to be located inside one metal container. The main purpose of such an installation is to receive alternating current (50 Hz), with a voltage of 6 to 10 kV, converting it and further distributing it. Such installations, as a rule, are installed in open areas and are intended for organizing power supply in small settlements or construction sites.

BKTP (abbreviated as block modular TP). These installations also come in two types: through and dead-end. All equipment of such substations is mounted inside concrete modules. The main purpose of these installations is to receive current (three phases are supplied to the object), to further transform and distribute it. Substations of the presented type are used to organize power supply to larger facilities:

• industrial enterprises;
• large dacha-type villages;
• city ​​blocks, etc.

Let us consider the characteristics of each type of installation in more detail.

Features and installation of package transformer substations

The housing of the metal complete substation has a durable frame made of a special high-strength alloy. Moreover, all metal elements of the installation are treated with an anti-corrosion compound. The use of galvanized sheets in the casing additionally protects the installation from the effects of aggressive environmental factors and helps extend its service life.

The lower part of the PTS is made in the form of a transverse deck equipped with special holes for cables. Emergency discharge of transformer oil is also carried out through technological openings in the floor of the installation.

The metal doors of the substation are equipped with locks that protect the installation from unauthorized entry and windows that allow you to ventilate its interior and additionally cool it in the heat.

In most cases, installation of PTS involves the installation of additional systems: forced ventilation, lighting systems (internal and external), video surveillance system, etc.

Features and installation of BKTP

The block-modular installation is externally a small concrete building, inside of which all the necessary equipment is located.

As a rule, the construction part of such an installation is made of four components (modules), combined under one roof, which has thermal insulation based on mineral or basalt insulation. If we talk in more detail about the building structures of the BKTP , then it is necessary to note the following:

• the roof of any modern installation has a layer of reliable waterproofing based on a bitumen coating;
• natural air circulation is organized in the internal space of the installation, which is ensured by the installation of grilles (protected blinds) built into the doors and gates of the substation;
• The bottom of the installation is also covered with a layer of waterproofing, which protects the places where the building structures come into contact with the soil from water.

Installation of a BKTP involves the creation of a mandatory grounding loop, the installation of sound (light) alarm systems, as well as the use of durable, frost-resistant and moisture-resistant materials in the design.

In order to obtain a modern complete substation that fully meets the needs and design loads, it is advisable for the customer to initially contact a professional electrical installation company. This will help reduce costs, save time and save the customer from possible problems during the operation of the installation.

center-energo.com

What does a CTP consist of and what does it include?

A complete transformer substation (CTS) is an electrical installation designed to receive a voltage of 6-10 kV and convert it into an electric current of 0.4 kV, i.e. into consumer electricity, with further distribution to the consumer in the household network.

The design includes

• high voltage switchgear - RUVN
• low voltage switchgear - RUNN
• power transformer
• various additional and auxiliary equipment

RUVN

The high voltage switchgear RUVN is used to receive electrical voltage of one voltage class of 6-10 kV.

• high-voltage fuses - used to protect electrical components, power transformer
• disconnectors - serve to create a visible break and isolate parts of the electrical installation system
• load switches - designed to disconnect rated load currents and overcurrents in emergency situations
• KSO 393 with disconnector - with transformer power from 25 to 160 kV
• KSO 393 with load switch - with transformer power from 250 to 630 kV
• KSO 203 with a vacuum switch - with transformer power from 1000 to 2500 kV
• complete low-voltage devices (KNU) - designed for receiving and distributing three-phase electrical alternating current with a frequency of 50 Hz and a rated voltage of 0.4 kV

RUNN

• automatic switches of input and outgoing connections - used for current protection
• power switches - designed to turn on nodes under load
• current transformers - used when turning on various measuring devices, is an auxiliary device
• cabinet for installing an additional substation heating system and electrical energy metering devices
• protection and automation cabinet AVR (automatic transfer switch), its use is relevant for substations with two power transformers

Transformer

The power transformer at the KTP substation is installed in two types: oil or dry.

If there is an oil transformer at the transformer substation, normal insulation is used. Also in this case, the substation floor is provided with compartments for emergency discharge of oil from the transformer; the volume of transformer oil itself is about 60 kg.

When using a dry transformer at a transformer substation, lightweight insulation is used.

Optional equipment

To connect a transformer substation using a cable over the air to the nearest power line, use the following equipment for air entry:

• post, pin and bushing insulators
• voltage limiters

The chamber itself, the high entry portal, is mounted on the roof of the package transformer substation using bolts above the RUVN or RUNN compartment.

To ensure the safety of people servicing the transformer substation, a grounding loop is provided on it. His absence from the substation is unacceptable. It is a metal strip connected to the ground and extending 40-50 cm into it, non-current-carrying parts that serve to remove stray electric currents from the system, and also prevents the accumulation of static electricity on the electrical equipment of the substation.

tr-ktp.ru

What is KTP

KTP (complete transformer substation) is an electrical installation that is designed to receive voltage, convert it into electric current, and then distribute electricity to consumers in the household network. KTP includes:

• RUVN - a device capable of distributing higher voltage
• RUNN - a device capable of distributing low voltage
• power transformer
• various complementary designs that can be manufactured as needed.