Width of the machine 1 DIN: description of the DIN rail, distance between the DIN rails in the panel

When installing wall-mounted kitchen drawers on a DIN rail, does it need to be cut?

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When installing wall-mounted kitchen drawers on a DIN rail, should it be cut into pieces for each drawer, or one piece for the entire length?

It’s just that if there is one for the entire length, then the drawers hang at an angle.

Tilt left, right or forward?

rather to the right and forward

The cabinets are mounted on short sections of these same strips. Their length is approximately 7-10 cm. If there is some kind of defect in the wall with a void inside (well, like a window closed with plywood between the kitchen and the bathroom), then a larger plank is taken, well 10-20 cm. Two drawers are mounted on one plank (one on the right, the other on the left). Then the cabinets are adjusted in height to each other so that they are level. To do this, they twist something with a screwdriver INSIDE the cabinets on a suspension that is already installed at the factory. Then the cabinets are also bolted together; for this purpose, there are holes made at the factory on the side walls.

how complicated everything is. All my life I’ve hung it directly on the wall, it’s like they’re hanging nothing.

Admin Pensioner

As a simpler option: instead of DIN rails, buy 90 degree hooks. (about 80mm long) with dowels. There are grooves in the hangers, on the cabinets, they are about 5mm wide, and the hooks will go into them.

Moscow

There are slats that are not smooth, but with a notched border between each hole - they are not sawed, but simply broken... the length of each segment is 4-5 cm..

then 7-10 are 2 such sections.. they can be fixed with 2 dowels and hang 2 cabinets.. if you need to hang 1 cabinet in this area, one segment will be enough (the screw should be under the fastening point, and screw it in well - so as not to spinning under load)..

Just in case, I also make a mini-bend of the top corners of a piece of the plank towards the wall - then the cabinet cannot move to the side..

the “standard suspension” has two twisters inside

higher lower - to align the top/bottom of the cabinets and further/closer from the wall - to level the plane of the facades.

“at the factory” or not - it doesn’t matter... you can screw it on yourself and make a hole for the intersection screed (after leveling).

Veteran-3

DIN rail cabinet?! what can’t these Russians come up with...))))

The science

psm, it's not quite a DIN rail. Just similar to her, a little bigger and a little thicker than a piece of iron. Modern fastening of cabinets is designed for it - it allows you to move any side of the cabinet vertically and tilt the cabinet away from the hanging point

When installing wall-mounted kitchen drawers on a DIN rail, should it be cut into pieces for each drawer, or one piece for the entire length?

It’s just that if there is one for the entire length, then the drawers hang at an angle.

Let me tell you how it is necessary and how it is possible

The mounting strip (fastening strip) is indeed similar to a DIN rail. It looks like this (you can see the notches that Akor talked about):

If you do it wisely, then the drawers should be sealed on the back side and the DVPO should be inserted into these grooves. The groove runs at a distance of 16mm from the rear edge of the part. What does this give? This makes it possible to press the entire upper module against the wall to avoid that same tilt. In this case, the mounting strip is broken into sections of 6 centimeters (in the photo above, these are two divisions) and each box is hung separately on two such strips. This is more labor-intensive, but much more aesthetically pleasing and, as they say, straight to the point.

Stage No. 3: starting switching

Copper bus, which is located inside a plastic case

In order for everything to look neat, I decided not to use wire jumpers, but purchased special copper bars in plastic cases. In addition to aesthetics, installation with the help of such devices is greatly simplified. First you need to remove the plastic insulation, and then cut the tire to the required size.

To connect the RCD and RCBO to each other, you need 2 segments. One of them will go to zero contacts, the second to phase contacts. Both blanks are visible in the photo below. The plastic body can be cut to the same dimensions with a regular hacksaw.

The connecting busbar in the plastic insulator is installed in its proper place

When the elements of the connecting bus are cut to size, the plastic case is assembled, and the finished jumpers are mounted in the corresponding terminals of the protective automatic equipment. This installation allows you to subsequently not be afraid of electric shock when making revisions or removing dust, which will inevitably accumulate inside. The plastic insulator completely covers the live parts. You can verify this by looking at the photo.

Features of application

DIN rail is a foreign invention that takes its name from the German standard designated DIN 43880-1988. In our country, their use is regulated by GOST R IEC 60715-2003. These products are sometimes called mounting rail. The full name looks like this: “mounting rail for fixing protective devices in low-voltage distribution and control equipment for electrical networks.”

In accordance with this definition, its scope extends to the following cases:

the need to install electric meters and other types of measuring equipment in the distribution cabinet;
the need to place protective equipment there (RCDs, automatic circuit breakers, voltage relays, etc.);
If desired, install special connecting fittings into the cabinet.

The decisive factor determining the capacity of such a rail is the width of the machine module or similar protective equipment installed on its base.

When assessing the width of the machines, they are based on the specific number of protective devices used in the panel, which can have a single-pole or multi-pole design. The second option concerns three-phase networks. In general, its use is limited to this particular set of functions, but in certain situations other directions for using the DIN rail are possible.

Dimensions and installation method

In domestic conditions, standard strips with a profile width of 35 mm (TN 35), having a shelf height of about 7.5 mm, are traditionally used. Different versions of the product may differ in the declared thickness of the profile (1-1.5 mm) and the diameter of the holes filled during perforation (4 or 5 mm). To attach them to the distribution board guides, you will need bolts of the appropriate size.

The installation product is fixed at the two extreme points of the strip in such a way that there are no parts protruding beyond the cut of the guides. That is, the length of the workpiece is selected exactly to size, for which the side excesses are cut off in advance.

In hard-to-reach places with difficult working conditions with modular equipment, it is possible to install holders for DIN rails of a special design. Such guides allow you to rotate them to a convenient angle if desired.

Features of installing a modular socket

Before installing each electrical panel, it is necessary to clearly determine the number and order of arrangement of all modular devices included in its composition. This is connected not only with the need to correctly draw up the general power supply diagram for the apartment, but also directly affects the choice of the switchgear housing.

Each modular element has a clearly defined size, which is regulated by the DIN43880 standard. In accordance with this document, the width of one module is taken to be 17.5 mm.

Depending on the power, today two types of DIN rail sockets are produced. They differ primarily in size.

The design of each such outlet is not fundamentally different from the design of built-in or surface-mounted models. This socket also has two working terminals, to which the phase and neutral wires are connected. Depending on the purpose, this device may be equipped with grounding contacts.

The only feature of such sockets is their clearly regulated shape and size, as well as the presence of a special latch that allows the product to be mounted on a rail.

The figure shows the two most common types of sockets designed for installation on a DIN rail. These models, in addition to their size, are distinguished by the presence of grounding contacts.

Socket without grounding

The width of this device is 1 module (17.5 mm), it is very compact. To install such an outlet you do not have to allocate a lot of space. A similar product is intended for connecting low-power consumers that do not require mandatory grounding, for example, a lamp or soldering iron. Models with rated current of 6 and 10 A are available.

Grounded socket

The socket is somewhat larger, having a width of 2.5 modules. It is equipped with grounding contacts and is intended to supply power to consumers whose metal parts of the housing must be grounded during operation. Such devices include, for example, hand-held power tools. Models are available with a rated current of 10 and 16 A.

Within the two varieties considered, there are a fairly large number of design options for sockets designed for installation on a DIN rail, which are designed to work in different conditions.

Most devices presented in electrical goods stores have a degree of protection of IP20, which is quite enough for installing them in a distribution panel.

As for decoding the designation of the degree of protection of electrical equipment IP, it is very simple. The first digit of the code corresponds to the diameter of the object from which this equipment is protected. The number 2 means that the device body is protected from penetration by objects with a diameter of more than 12.5 mm (human fingers or similar objects). The second digit of the numerical code indicates the degree of moisture protection. 0 corresponds to the absence of any protection against moisture.

If necessary, you can select a product that meets higher protection standards. For example, the Bemis 1/16A grounded socket, which has an IP44 degree of environmental protection, is designed for use in difficult conditions. The body of this product is made of durable plastic and is reliably protected from dust and water splashes. This makes it possible to actively use such sockets in manufacturing enterprises.

https://youtube.com/watch?v=7sz6sf-gUPg

Connection

To connect, you need to determine the power terminals to which the electrical wires are connected (their cross-section should not be less than that indicated on the housing).

Connection and placement can be done in any order.

The connection can be made both after installation of the equipment and before its installation. With the latter connection option, make sure the wires are long enough. The ground wire is usually connected to the panel body, but some electrical circuits provide separate terminals.

An invention of the German Institute for Standardization, DIN mounting rails make it possible to unify and simplify installation in electrical distribution cabinets and automation cabinets.

DIN rail mounting dimensions

There are DIN rails in several sizes. Ω-type DIN rails with a width of 35 mm and a depth of 7.5 (Fig. 1) and 15 mm (Fig. 2) are widely used in electrical engineering.

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It is on them that standard modular devices are simply snapped on (Fig. 3). To remove the modular device from the DIN rail, use a flat-head screwdriver to release the lock. In addition to the most common 35 mm DIN rails, there are also DIN rails of other sizes: Ω-type DIN rails with a width of 15 mm (Fig. 4), G-type DIN rails (Fig. 5) and C-types with a width of 32 mm .

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DIN rails come with perforation, which allows you to secure the DIN rail using only a screwdriver and self-tapping screws, and without perforation (Fig. 6). The perforation pitch can be 10-15 mm.

Compliance of the DIN rail with GOST parameters

The DIN rail turned out to be such a successful invention that the DIN rail was adopted as a standard means of mounting both in Europe (EN) and throughout the world (IEC), including Russia (GOST R IEC 60715-2003). GOST describes the standard sizes of Ω-, G- and C-type DIN rails. The dimensions of DIN rails described by GOST are the maximum space occupied by the supporting structure of the rail and fastening means (Fig. 7), the edges of the ribs and technological tolerances (Fig. 8). It is these parameters that are standardized, so the thickness of the DIN rail is not a standardized parameter, but usually ranges from 1 to 1.5 mm.

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The length of DIN rails can also vary. Typically, it is up to 2 m; sometimes manufacturers apply a notch to make it convenient to cut the DIN rail in accordance with the dimensions of the electrical panel.

The materials used are aluminum, galvanized or galvanized steel, and less commonly copper and PVC. When choosing the size and material of the DIN rail, it is necessary to take into account the weight of the equipment planned to be placed on it. If a perforated Ω-type DIN rail with a width of 15 mm made of aluminum is suitable for placing compact terminals, then for mounting high current contactors, power circuit breakers, power supplies, soft starters and frequency converters, you may need steel DIN rails, the thickness of which is 1. 5 mm. GOST provides a methodology for calculating permissible loads for all types of DIN rails.

The safety of an electrical panel or distribution box lies in the strict systematization of all objects, metering devices and circuit components. In order to organize the available space and conveniently place dozens of devices, special din rails are used.

The slats are selected taking into account the sizes, types and weight of the elements being placed, the dimensions of the panel and other parameters that you need to know when choosing and installing the din yourself.

Recommendations for assembling an electrical panel

Having selected the distribution board required by design, you can proceed to the stage of design and selection of appropriate automation. In this case, you should take into account and continue to adhere to the following recommendations:

The panel must be filled in accordance with the design documentation. Let's say there are ten machines, a counter and eight RCDs. In this case, the characteristics of the purchased electrical panel must allow it to accommodate this number of blocks. A small reserve is welcome.
In further orientation according to the diagram, marking groups of elements with tags will help.
Adhere to the color unity of the wire cores. For phase conductors, the preferred colors are black, brown and gray. The ground conductor is usually yellow-green in color. Zero (neutral) has a blue or cyan color.
Connect one wire to each terminal of the terminal block. Installing several wires in one socket will worsen the fixation and over time the contact may disappear.
To make it easier to connect the automation, you can use special tires (combs).

Features of choice

When selecting the necessary device, the following nuances are taken into account:

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Particularly popular are 1 mm steel slats with a length of 1 m. This is a universal option that is cheaper than its aluminum counterpart.
The plates are cut to the size of the shields. The choice is made according to the dimensional characteristics of the box where installation will be carried out. For new fastenings, the size of the strip should include a margin.
When installing modules for DIN rails, a 10-15 mm plate plus a margin is usually taken.
If you buy assembled panels, then they already have slats of the required size installed.

The rail is fastened along the edges. Sagging should be avoided; dimensions must clearly correspond to the installation location. If necessary, it is advisable to use special holders.

What to consider when choosing

If you have no previous purchasing experience, this information may be useful:

acceptable steel thickness is 1 mm: a standard value, which should only be deviated from in special cases when there is a clear understanding of why this is being done;
all plates are adjusted to the characteristics of the shield, which makes it necessary to purchase a reserve of 15 mm;
In assembled panels, the plates are often already installed, but if their quality is not up to par, it is recommended to replace them.

Taking these features into account will not allow you to make a mistake when choosing a plate.

How to place devices?

Automatic switches, meters or buses on a din rail are placed using clamps provided on the body of the equipment itself. Most often there are two or four such clamps: one, two fixed on top and one, two fixed on the bottom.

The installation process itself is as follows:

Hang the device on the top bracket.
Place the module for the DIN rail in the required location, moving it along its entire length.
Use a flat-head screwdriver to pull out the lower clamp and hook it to the edge of the bar.
Press the clamp back into place (or this will happen automatically if the mechanism is equipped with a spring).

If necessary, you can enhance protection and prevent slipping using some methods:

purchase and install special fasteners;
slightly straighten the ends of the strip with pliers.

The same applies to the metal rail itself, because with its help you can greatly simplify the process of assembling the electrical panel, correctly organize the placement of all modules and equipment and significantly increase the safety of any future electrical work.

Characteristics and specifics of a three-phase network

Electrical panel in a three-phase network

The 380 V electrical network is designed for connecting three-phase and single-phase equipment. In the case of three-phase, the connection occurs in 3 phases and a neutral to evenly distribute the load of powerful household appliances.

The presence of three phases allows the use of 4-5-core wires with a smaller cross-section and 3-4 pole automatic circuit breakers. The allocated power for the 380 V network is divided equally between phases. That is, if 18 kW is allocated, each phase will be 6 kW.

Using a three-pole or four-pole type machine, the line is de-energized in case of increased load on one phase. Taking into account the time delay of the automatic machine, it is necessary to correctly distribute this load.

Popular manufacturers

Many retail outlets offer a chic assortment of electrical devices, including sockets. Having set out to purchase a high-quality socket on a DIN rail, the question arises: what to choose?

Let us note a number of brands that occupy a leading position in the market of electrical goods manufacturers:

French company Legrand. For more than 100 years, it has been manufacturing information and electrical products.
A large French engineering company, Schneider Electric, which has an excellent reputation as a manufacturer of equipment for the distribution and transmission of electricity.
The Swedish-Swiss company ABB, which produces automatic protective equipment for electrical networks for various purposes. It is recognized that ABB is the leading manufacturer of such products on the CIS market.
Italian company Bticino, which produces electrical goods of the highest quality.

The only disadvantage of all the listed manufacturers is their high pricing policy. For those looking for a budget option for electrical goods, the following list of brands is recommended:

Makel;
TDM Electric;
Anam;
Lezard;
Wessen;
GUSI.

These manufacturers produce high-quality electrical products at affordable prices. Thus, when buying a DIN rail socket, you will not incur any special costs, but will be able to ensure ease of maintenance and repair of the electrical equipment of the switchgear.

Installation of distribution panel

Installation of the distribution panel must be carried out by an experienced technician. It includes two stages: preparatory and main.

The first stage consists of the following manipulations:

The presence of the necessary components is checked;
The housing is installed in the selected location;
The input cable is prepared and the top layer of insulation is removed. If the wiring is branched and there are many ends, they must be marked.

The second stage involves the following sequence of actions:

An introductory machine is installed.
A zero strip is mounted, where wires with a zero phase are connected, except for those connected through an RCD.
A meter is installed (if it will be located inside the apartment).
A general RCD for fire protection is installed. The result is an input group that includes an input machine, a counter and an RCD.
Linear machines are installed. They are fixed on a DIN rail, after which they are connected to each other with a comb. The connection is made through the upper terminals, the lower ones are used for cables.
Linear RCDs are installed in groups. The device can be installed on a connection circuit with one device (usually a washing machine) or on several groups, for example, on lights and sockets in a certain room. Linear devices are also connected through RCDs; in addition, a zero bus must be installed on this group.
We install a grounding bus and connect PE wires from the load cables to it. If a grounding loop is not provided, the protective wires can be connected to the grounding bus, but this should be done on a common switchboard in the entrance or at the distribution point. This will allow you to separate the protective and working zero.
After installing and connecting all the elements to each other and the buses, the input cable is connected. With a single-phase network it will have three conductors: a phase, a working neutral and a protective neutral; with a three-phase network there will already be five - three phases, a neutral and a protective conductor. The phase is connected to the input circuit breaker, the protective zero - to the protective bus, the working zero - to the zero bus. Next, the phase is connected to the first linear machine. When exiting, the phase is connected to the load cable of the home network. If additional RCDs are installed, phase and neutral are “distributed” through them using zero busbars.
After connecting the power cable, the meter terminal blocks must be sealed by the inspector.

Like swallows on a wire

Good work is always beautiful work, the results are beautiful to look at. Everything is clean, neat, in its place, well structured and conveniently maintained. For electricians, this result can be achieved by a DIN rail, invented by the Germans, well-known adherents of system and order. They came up with the idea that in electrical panels, cabinets or installation boxes, not every switch, power supply, protective device and the like should be fastened individually, but inserted into the sockets of an installation tape pre-attached to the wall. What brought them to this idea was the fact that current electrical equipment is compact and modular, like all electrical appliances, based on the plug principle: a standard plug that fits perfectly into the socket in any apartment.

An important circumstance: the Germans legalized their invention at all levels, step by step. First there was TN35 - a standard metal rail 35 mm wide with a special profile

It was developed by the German Institute for Standardization (Deutsches Institut fur Normund - DIN). It was subsequently adopted by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and approved as a European Standard (EN). Since 2004, already in Russia, the TN35 rail was introduced as a national standard by the adoption of GOST R IEC 60715-2003. Rails of reduced format have appeared, both in thickness and in profile width; they are usually used for installing terminals rather than devices. We tell this story so that no one has any doubts, so to speak, about the technical legitimacy of this device: approved and approved at all levels.

The invention of the DIN rail made it possible to radically change the contents of a switchboard with electrical installation equipment. Electrical installation begins with it, whether in large or small volumes, in a private apartment, for example. How to choose it? Let's figure it out.

DIN rail is a generalized name for a complex metal profile perforated along the entire length, which is used for electrical installation. Depending on the required conditions (weight, strength, current strength through the grounding terminals), you select either a galvanized steel rail or an aluminum one. There are solid slats or with regular perforation pitches, and there are pre-notches to facilitate cutting to a certain length.

The profile of DIN rails slightly resembles the shape of a rail, which is why they have a second name - DIN rails. Based on the profile cross-section, there are three types of DIN rails: they resemble letters of the Latin alphabet, which is why they are marked as such - Ω, G and C type.

For fastening various elements of modular equipment in installation boxes, electrical cabinets or panels - RCDs, circuit breakers, etc., there are special jaws in the cross-section of the profile.

Cable separation inside the panel

Assembling an electrical panel for an apartment or a private house requires the correct routing of wires inside the housing. First, the outer insulating layer (rubberized, colored) is removed from the cables.

It is important not to damage the wire cores; you should leave a control mark afterwards so as not to get confused during the following actions. Ordinary paper tape will do; it can be placed in the “light/children’s room” or “light/bedroom” type.

It can be done in another way, the main thing is that not only the master can distinguish the components of the group and their purpose. The layout with modular elements is carried out in accordance with the purpose of the cable (phase, neutral, grounding).

Replacing the circuit breaker in the panel

If you open the electrical panel cover, you will see that all the modules are fixed on a metal strip called a DIN rail. The width of the plate is 3.5 cm, each module occupies 1.75 cm.

To install you will need the following tool:

pliers;
screwdrivers - Phillips and straight;
cable cutting tool, such as wire cutters;
indicator screwdriver;
stripper for removing insulation;
crimper for multi-core cable only.

The first thing you should always do before any manipulation in the electrical panel is to turn off the power and make sure that no one accidentally connects the power during operation. To be on the safe side, use an indicator screwdriver and check that there is no voltage.

Next, take the circuit breaker you purchased in advance and attach it to the DIN rail so that it fits in line with similar devices. If there is free space left at the edges, then it is better to fix the module with special stops - metal brackets with screws.

Installation does not require special fasteners, since the latch is located directly on the device body; just lean it against the rail and press a little. To remove a failed device, you will have to loosen the latch with a screwdriver

Connecting elements with several poles has differences:

2-pole - left side: top - phase, bottom - phase of the circuit; right side: top and bottom – zero;
3-pole - upper parts - phases in order, lower parts - phases of the circuit in the appropriate order;
4-pole - like 3-pole, but the rightmost module is zero.

As you can see, the main connection principle is that the input is connected to the upper terminals, the output to the lower ones. The wires are usually routed into the panel. For ease of use, they are grouped using ties.

It is important to correctly distribute the cable connection locations. For single-pole devices: the phase coming from the RCD or input device is connected to the upper terminal, the circuit phase to the lower (+). Having stretched the ends of the wires to the corresponding terminals, position them freely, without tension, and remove the excess with wire cutters

Use a construction knife or stripper to remove part of the insulation - the length of the exposed wire is about 1 cm

Having stretched the ends of the wires to the corresponding terminals, position them freely, without tension, and remove the excess with wire cutters. Use a construction knife or stripper to remove part of the insulation - the length of the exposed wire is about 1 cm.

If you use a handy tool, try not to damage the cable in the transverse direction, so as not to cause a crease.

When stretching the wires in the shield, try not to bend them, do not make as many turns and creases as possible, and also do not stretch them like a string

The phase connection can be equipped using a comb - a special bus with the required number of poles. Instead of a comb, homemade jumpers made from PV3 wire are also used.

Two wires cannot be placed in one terminal, so they must be crimped with an NShVI tip.

Stranded wires must be crimped - attach the NShVI tip. The tool at hand is not suitable, it is better to use a special device that resembles wire cutters - a crimper

We insert the prepared wires into specially designed holes.

After the wires are stripped and inserted into the terminals, they must be secured by carefully tightening the fasteners with a screwdriver

According to the rules, the device must be marked to indicate its belonging to a specific circuit. Similar markings should be present on the protective cover of the shield.

Distribution panel composition

The distribution panel consists of the following elements:

boxes equipped with a door; DIN rails for mounting automation; distribution busbars connecting all conductors; groups of circuit breakers with RCDs or differential circuit breakers; electric energy meter; wires connecting all elements.

The meter allows you to determine the amount of electricity consumed. It is installed by energy company employees who seal the device. The main switch completely cuts off power to the panel. It is usually two-pole and disconnects the phase and neutral wires supplying electricity. Its power must correspond to the sum of the powers of all energy consumers included in the apartment.

An interesting and educational video about the secrets of choosing machines and assembling a switchboard with your own hands:

How to install?

The instructions for installing the din rail are simple:

Determine the location for mounting the strip (it is important when organizing the space in advance and visually plan the location of all elements of the system in order to avoid confusion, clutter and unnecessary holes in the panel wall). Measure the distance and, if necessary, cut the required length. Mark the places of fastenings on the wall of the shield and the rail (one fastening for every 7-10 cm is enough). If the profile is cast, use a drill to make holes on the surface. Attach the rail to the wall of the shield. Secure with self-tapping screws or bolts. Check the reliability of the fastenings.

Installation of a shield for a suburban building

Using self-tapping screws, we install the Din rails on which all the equipment will be attached. They must have a size of 35 mm.
We begin installing the equipment according to a pre-made diagram and calculations. We install automatic devices, RCDs and two separate buses, to which ground and zero are connected, and install a metering device.
We connect the phase wires and connect the machines using a special bus. According to the general rules for connecting such devices, the input should be at the top and the output at the bottom.
We install protective covers and sign all machines for convenience.
Then we connect them with a special comb or make jumpers from wire. If you are going to use a comb, then remember that the cross-section of its core must be at least 10 mm/sq.
We run wires from consumers into the machines.

Find out from this video how to properly assemble a 220 V electrical panel in a private house:

From the following video you will learn how to make a three-phase 380 V electrical panel in a private house:

After you have assembled the shield, without closing it, turn it on for a few hours, and then check the temperature of all elements.

Do not allow the insulation to melt, otherwise a short circuit will occur in the future.

With a careful consistent approach and compliance with electrical safety rules, anyone can assemble an ASU on their own. although you will have to tinker. Having completed the installation, all you have to do is wait for representatives of the electrical network company, who will check your circuit and arrange the connection.

Equipment on DIN rail

: reliable circuit breakers and residual current device (RCD) for DIN rail mounting

: AC/DC-DC voltage converters in a design for mounting on a DIN rail

For fastening electrical installation equipment

Modern manufacturers of electrical equipment already provide for the presence of a DIN rail in the switchboard. However, if necessary, it is quite easy to install it in any desired place. For this purpose, the profile of the rail is perforated with holes, thanks to which it can be attached to the plane with bolted connections or self-tapping screws. You just need to take into account the width of the machines that you will mount on it in advance, before installing the rail, so that they don’t feel “crowded”! It is better to cut a DIN rail with a grinder, but a hacksaw can also handle this.

Modern apartments are full of electrical appliances and all sorts of devices, so an electrical panel can occupy a wall area of about a square meter, accommodate a meter, a dozen circuit breakers, a zero operating and protective busbar and other important elements. But when they are compactly “attached” to a DIN rail in a secluded place, the interior of the apartment is not disturbed and no inconvenience is created for residents.

You have secured the tape, now you need to “attach” all the pre-prepared devices to it. In the modern world of electrical engineering, they are fortunately unified. And since all the elements of modern automation are adapted for DIN rails, it is very easy to “seat” them on it - press the sponge on the machine with a flat screwdriver, then lightly move, click - and that’s it, the machine is in its place. It only takes a few seconds to install one module; it’s not like installing screws into a wall!

By the way, it is much easier to maintain such a line of instruments and devices. To replace the machine on standard DIN rails in electrical panels, you just need to loosen the screws securing the wires on the terminals to disconnect them, after which the device lock moves down and the machine is removed from the rail.

Our consultants will advise you on all the other details when choosing the DIN rail you need so much, and electrical installation will become simple, convenient and enjoyable for you, just like when constructing a ship from a children's set of LEGO elements. Good luck to you!

An invention of the German Institute for Standardization, DIN mounting rails make it possible to unify and simplify installation in electrical distribution cabinets and automation cabinets.

DIN rail mounting dimensions

There are DIN rails in several sizes. Ω-type DIN rails with a width of 35 mm and a depth of 7.5 (Fig. 1) and 15 mm (Fig. 2) are widely used in electrical engineering.

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DIN rails come with perforation, which allows you to secure the DIN rail using only a screwdriver and self-tapping screws, and without perforation (Fig. 6). The perforation pitch can be 10-15 mm.

Compliance of the DIN rail with GOST parameters

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What sizes can DIN rails have?

All DIN rails have received standard sizes; they are never produced differently. Dimensions are determined according to the following state standard GOST R IEC 60715-2003, the width in this case can be:

It is worth noting that the omega din rail can have three sizes, because it is universal and is used everywhere. Find out how to take readings from a two-tariff meter.

The minimum length of the DIN rail is 7.5 cm and can accommodate one circuit breaker. The maximum is 2 meters, this length is enough to install 4 shields.

There are still slight differences in the manufacturing method; the planks can be:

With holes.
Solid.

The former make it possible to simplify the installation process; just screw the rail into the finished holes. The distance between the holes is 10-20 mm, which can be called optimal.

Cast (solid) ones are considered more reliable; even under heavy loads they do not bend. Even several machines can be installed on such DIN rails. This is how you can mount all devices during electrical installation.

Photo of din rails

Quick installation of electrical equipment - only on DIN rails!

We offer perforated slats:

75 mm;
300 mm;
500 mm;
1000 mm;
2000 mm.

These are mounting rails made of Omega profile steel with a width of 35 mm. The model was originally developed in Germany and was called DIN rails (DIN - Deutsches Institut fur Normund - German Institute for Standardization). Since 2004, according to GOST R IEC 60715-2003, it has been the standard mounting profile in Russia.

Usage

Mounting mounting DIN rails are designed for installation of modular electrical equipment.

Used for fastening:

circuit breakers;
differential automatic machines;
electricity meters,
relays, contactors and starters;
cross-modules and terminals;
electrical outlets;
switching equipment.

Using products of this type, equipment is installed in electrical panels, cabinets and installation boxes. The use of DIN rails and the compact dimensions of electrical equipment and products make it possible to place a larger number of equipment in standard housings. This saves installation space, and ease of installation saves time.

Classification

Dinreyks differ in:

material of manufacture (steel, aluminum);
length (from 75 to 2000 mm);
presence of perforation (solid, perforated);
profile thickness (from 0.8 to 1.5 mm);
profile shape (omega, G-rail, C-rail).

Assortment presented

In the 220pro store you can buy galvanized steel DIN rails made in Russia and Italy. Profile width 35 mm, height 7.5 mm, Omega type.

Depending on the thickness and length, products are divided into several groups according to load.

For light loads

Galvanized steel - 0.8 mm thick, aluminum - 1 mm, length 75-100 mm. Purpose - for fastening individual elements (automatic machines, RCDs, power supplies).

For medium loads

Steel - 0.8 mm, aluminum - 1.1 mm, length 300-1000 mm. Used for mounting automatic machines, RCDs, power supplies, cross-modules, relays and modular switching equipment.

For increased loads

Steel - 0.8 mm, aluminum - 1.4 mm, length 500-1000 mm. For fastening any type of product: automatic machines, automatic devices, RCDs, frequency converters, contactors and starters, power supplies, cross-modules, relays, power circuit breakers.

For maximum loads

Steel - 1.0 mm, aluminum - 1.5 mm, length 1000-2000 mm. Used for installation of heavy equipment: frequency converters, contactors, soft start equipment, power circuit breakers. The best option for professional installation, with a minimum amount of trimmings.

Different types and additional accessories

In addition to the standard width of 35mm, smaller slats of 15mm with a height of 5mm are available. They are used for installing terminals and other light electrical installation products.

A dinrail holder (bracket) is used as an additional accessory. Installing the holder allows you to “plant” the rail at an angle, turning the lower side “facing” the master conducting the work. When attaching terminal blocks or cross-modules to such an inclined DIN rail, an electrical installer gets convenient access to groups of contacts. This makes it easier to connect cables, especially when distributing one power supply to a group of consumers.

Advantages of using DIN rails:

standard sizes (suitable for all types of equipment and electrical products);
safe installation of open electrical wiring;
suitable for electrical panels, boxes;
high speed of installation of individual modules on the rail (3-5 seconds);
quick installation and dismantling of equipment;
perforation for easy screw mounting;
notches along the length of the slats for cutting to size;
installation of a large number of equipment in a small area, without loss of connection quality;
affordable prices;
compliance with GOST and IEC requirements.

Very often, when carrying out electrical work, the need arises for high-quality fastening of any electrical devices. DIN rails are widely used as fastening materials. However, many people do not know what it is and what a DIN rail is for.

Switchboard components

Any switchboard must have the following elements:

Introductory machine. The input cable cores are connected to its terminals. It provides protection for the entire circuit in the apartment. The input machine allows you to completely de-energize the apartment. As a rule, it is made bipolar to simultaneously break the neutral and phase conductors.
The electricity meter is installed immediately after the input machine. In some cases, it is installed separately (for example, on a landing) together with a circuit breaker.
RCD (stands for residual current devices). This equipment provides protection against electric shock. The number of RCDs is calculated in each case separately depending on the volume and number of consumption points. In a one-room apartment with a minimum number of household appliances, one RCD can be installed. In other cases, separate circuits are installed for lines with high consumption (for a washing machine, for an air conditioner).
Linear circuit breakers break the target when an overcurrent or short circuit occurs. In apartments with small children, it is recommended to make different circuits for powering lighting devices and sockets. In this case, dangerous sockets can be turned off using a machine, but there will still be light in the room.
The difavtomat is an optional element; on certain circuits it can replace the automatic machine and the RCD.
The DIN rail is attached to the rear wall of the panel and is intended for installation of RCDs, automatic devices and other equipment. The length and number of rails depends on the configuration of the distribution panel.
Connecting busbars connect the working neutral conductors and the grounding wires.
Distribution busbars are necessary for connecting automatic devices, RCDs and automatic circuit breakers. The combs are equipped with reliable insulation, which allows you to connect the machines through the terminal block.

You can assemble the distribution panel yourself or buy a ready-made one. Models with proprietary assembly are manufactured by many enterprises for standard projects.

How to use it in electrical

This rail is very popular these days, and therefore most of all panels have a compatible design, as well as other electrical equipment with ready-made mounts. And, as already noted, the main advantage is convenience. This is reflected not only during installation, but also during the maintenance or replacement of equipment.

Installing the rack

First of all, you need to understand how to install the rail. Installation of the strip is carried out as follows:

Determine the location. It is necessary to take into account not only the profitability of the current situation, but also its strategic benefit, so that in the future there will be no need to reassemble the entire structure.
Select the required distance for the screws if the structure does not have factory perforations. If you have extra space, it is recommended to take a plate with a reserve. The unused portion can be folded over to fit into the desired space.
Fix the bar and check its reliability.

Now that the main structure is ready, all the necessary electrical elements can be placed on it.

Installation of the machine

To confirm the mounting on a DIN rail, let’s look at how to fix 1 machine:

Check the integrity of the installed strip. By default, solid ones are considered the most durable, because the holes are made personally by the builder.
Hook the machine with one edge on the upper or lower part and press on the opposite side to fix it. It is imperative that there is a click, as it informs that it is securely fastened. In addition, it is recommended to check the clamp before purchasing.
Ready. The installation is now complete and, thanks to the design, the machine can move freely left and right if necessary.

As follows from the instructions, the fasteners are really simple and can save as much time during replacement and maintenance as during the initial installation.

How to properly assemble a power electrical panel

Before starting work, you need to prepare emergency lighting for the work area. In addition, you will need a table on which components and tools will lie. The assembly and installation diagram of the electrical panel must be hung so that it is clearly visible. After this, the input cable should be disconnected. The work is carried out in several stages:

Assembly and pre-installation of the box. The body must first be prepared:

remove the plugs located on the walls of the box;
screw the DIN rails;
mount grounding and neutral buses on the walls;
remove the door;
connect the mounting brackets.

After this, the built-in drawer can be fixed in place for a while to check how well the niche has been created. Then it must be removed immediately. This will make working with the wires easier.

Preliminary preparation of wires. First they are adjusted to length. There should be a reserve so that you can easily reach a distant tire or circuit breaker.

After this, you need to remove the outer insulation from the cables using a special tool. The wire must be cleaned so that there is still insulation left at the entrance to the box.

Installation of the structure in a prepared place. You need to lay the input cable and all conductors inside. The wires should lie in one layer, taking into account the order of the machines to which they will subsequently be connected.

The RCD is first fixed on the DIN rail, followed by the circuit breakers related to it. at the end, independent machines and other modular devices are installed. It is not necessary to install all the automation at once. You can power the devices one at a time as they are attached to the rail. In addition, you need to install a counter.

The conductors of each energy consumer or group of consumers should be connected to the buses and circuit breakers related to them. The work should be done from right to left, bring the core to the fixation point, and then cut off all excess. The wires are laid vertically and horizontally, and all turns are made only at right angles. When there is not enough space, it is acceptable to route the wires behind the DIN rail.

The main insulation is removed 1 cm from the end of each wire, lugs are put on soft busbars, after which the ends are inserted under the terminals of the machines and tightly tightened with special terminals. The conductor connection to the machine is arranged from below, and the voltage supply to the machine is from above.

To check the reliability of the fixation, you need to lightly tug the wire with your hands. Copper should not protrude above the machines, but the insulation should not be pinched. The wires can be collected in bundles, secured with plastic ties, and placed behind the rail.

Connecting the input cable: it is clamped on the main machine, while the grounding conductor immediately goes to the bus. From the machine, zero and phase go to the meter or are distributed according to the scheme.

Final stage. If the wiring is fully prepared and all consumers of electrical energy have been connected, you can check the system by applying a separate load to each of the lines in turn. If no problems are found, you can make a full connection. All that remains is to label the automatic devices, glue the diagram to the door, and return the cover to the body.

Proper and careful assembly of the electrical panel ensures that all wiring will function properly for many years. It is not advisable to save money when choosing components. Only truly high-quality automation can prevent the likelihood of serious accidents and save the lives of people living in an apartment or house.

Video instructions on how to properly assemble an electrical panel with your own hands:

Types of din rails

Mounting rails are produced with three types of sections:

The most common is TH 35, which resembles the Greek letter Ω, after which it is sometimes called the omega profile. 35 is the width of the element in millimeters. Rarely, there are omega profiles with a width of 15 mm (TN15).
“C” type profiles are quite common. Unlike omega, their edges are curved inward and form an unfinished rectangle.
The little-known “G” profile differs from the previous one in that the cross-section of one edge is larger than the cross-section of the other: 15 and 9 mm, respectively. The profile width is 32 mm.

The slats can also be solid or perforated. In the latter, the wall along its entire length has a number of holes: round or oval-shaped. Perforation is used for connection with other profiles, for fastening to the walls of electrical cabinets, boxes or any other structure. Each type of profile has modifications provided for by GOST or carried out on individual orders.

Preparing to install the distribution board

Must be done before assembly:

Select an electrical panel according to the type of wiring.
Calculate the total power load of each group.
Calculate the load on each group based on the power of each device.
Consider the places where RCD operation is required.

It is better to have spare places for additional RCDs; in a private house this may come in handy.

Full list of equipment:

Electrical panel.
Single-tariff electric meter with accuracy class from 2.
Input machine 32 A.
Two-pole 16 A, 2 pieces.
Single-pole backup, 2 pieces.

All materials for assembly can cost you from 2000 rubles.

When purchasing an electrical panel, do not skimp. since a cheap shield will most likely have to be redone and re-equipped, and poor plastic will become brittle over time. In addition, in case of fire, inexpensive shields do not comply with all safety measures.

Item Description

So, din rail is a generalized name for a metal profile that is used in electrical engineering. This rail can be galvanized steel or simply aluminum.

It all depends on parameters such as:

weight;
strength;
the strength of the current passing through the ground terminals.

The lath can be either continuous or with a regular perforation step. In addition, there are options with preliminary notching, which greatly facilitates cutting to a certain length.

The very origin of the abbreviation “din” is very simple - it is an abbreviation for the German Institute for Standardization: Deutsches Institut fur Normund. To be fair, it is worth noting that this abbreviation applies not only to rails, but also to other products - connectors, fasteners, etc.

About the installation method

Let us briefly consider the DIN rail mounting method. In cross-section, it has protrusions along the edges. They are designed to hold the device, which is installed on the rail. But at the same time it can be moved relatively freely along it. If such “freedom of action” is not welcomed, then it can be completely eliminated. To do this, you simply need to install special locking elements on the sides of the device, which are also designed for installation on DIN rails.

It is worth noting that in panels that are used for mounting modular equipment, fixation is often performed by creating external holes in the cover, taking into account the actual number of switching equipment. That is why the windows for the outer part of the equipment do not open completely. Some of them are usually covered with curtains, which can be easily removed if necessary. If it so happens that there is less equipment in the panel than could be installed, then all the free spaces that remain are closed with special plugs.

It is worth adding that all modular machines, circuit breakers and RCDs are equipped with special latches. They are designed to hold the element on the DIN rail. To install, the upper groove of the device is fixed on one of its lower edges. In this case, the lower edge of the device is pressed against the rail with slight force until an obvious click is heard.

If the element needs to be removed, you will need a flat-head screwdriver. With its help, you need to carefully move the latch down and remove the device from the groove. It is worth adding that there are elements of equipment in which the latch is fixed in the open position.

What can be installed on a DIN rail?

In addition to protection devices, other elements that are standardized for it can be installed on the DIN rail. These can be electricity meters, relays, automation devices, terminals, signaling and control devices, and zero buses. Many elements of electrical circuits have double fastening points. Due to this, they can be installed both on a DIN rail and on a regular classic surface.

Briefly about the types

It would be wrong if we did not mention that DIN rails come in different types. The most common type is the TN-35-7.5 rail. How to understand these numbers? Very simply, the rail is thirty-five millimeters wide and seven and a half high. There is also another modification - with a height of fifteen millimeters, that is, the TN-35-15 DIN rail. This option is quite often used in wall-mounted and floor-mounted panels. It is worth noting that such slats are also called Ω-type slats. It’s easy to understand where this name comes from if you carefully examine this element in profile.

If we talk about the length, then according to the standard it is two meters. But this is not always convenient, so in most stores DIN rails are sold in pieces of twenty centimeters.

Switchboard diagram

If you decide to assemble the switchboard yourself, you should start by developing a diagram. Everything should be spelled out in it, from the input machine to the switches. The circuit in the old housing stock will be two-wire (without grounding). In this case, a PE bus is not required.

For a small one-room apartment, a simple panel layout will include:

Input two-pole circuit breaker (32 A);
Electricity meter;
RCD for two poles 40 A with leakage current 30 mA;
3 automatic machines for 16 A each (separately for lighting, sockets and a washing machine);
Shield body;
DIN rails for mounting;
N-bus designed to connect the neutral conductor.

Additionally, a voltage control relay can be installed. It will protect against voltage surges in the event of a zero burnout. This device is triggered by contact between zero and phase. The relay breaks the circuit, protecting the connected household appliances from damage.

In case of frequent business trips, experts advise connecting the refrigerator to a separate device. As a result, all equipment except it can be de-energized.

For apartments with a larger area and correspondingly higher electricity consumption, it is necessary to increase the number of machines. They are installed on circuits with large household appliances (for example, on a dishwasher or air conditioner), as well as on each individual room. Additionally, RCDs of a lower rating can be installed to provide protection against electric shock.

In new houses, an additional ground loop (PE conductor) can be installed. In this case, the switchboard circuit will be different. For a small one-room apartment, the shield will include the following elements:

Boxing with Din-rails;
40 A input circuit breaker;
Counter;
RCD two-pole 50 A with leakage current 30 mA;
4 automatic machines (three of them for 16 A and an additional one for 25 A for connecting an electric stove);
Zero (N) and ground (PE) buses;
Connecting bus for automatic machines.

In a multi-room apartment with a large number of circuits, the installation of additional RCDs with a value of 16-25 A at 10 mA is required. These devices will react faster to a leak, thereby ensuring selectivity when shutting down. Due to problems with internal wiring, washing machines often give an electric shock if touched with wet hands. This can be fatal for children or people with heart problems. The RCD will “notice” a small current leak in the circuit and will turn off the power supply when the housing and the bare wire come into contact.

The three-phase circuit is found in new houses or townhouses. The voltage in this case is not 220, but 380 V. The distribution panel circuit in this case is more complicated, it includes three- and single-phase components. The shield will include the following components:

Input machine with four poles and 63 A;
Counter;
RCD four-pole 40 A at 30 mA;
Linear single-pole circuit breakers (16.25 and 40 A);
Two-pole automatic circuit breakers for protecting kitchen appliances or for installing hydromassage equipment in the bathroom; they can be replaced by a pair of RCDs and an automatic circuit breaker;
Zero and protective tires;
Combs for distributing the load in phases.

For a private house, this scheme can be supplemented by installing a general RCD for fire protection.

Some houses have a three-phase network, but the voltage of 380 V is provided only to power the electric stove. All other equipment is powered from 220 V. In this case, the panel circuit is combined. A three-pole 63 A machine is installed at the entrance, after which a meter is installed. Next, the cable is run in two directions. In the first, the excess phase is removed and single-phase equipment is installed. The second direction remains unchanged; the stove is connected through a three-pole circuit breaker and an RCD.

Where is DIN rail used (video)

The modern metal standard DIN rail TN35, most often used in practice, is a special profile with a width of 35 mm. It was developed by specialists from the German Institute for Standardization. Further, it was adopted as the European standard for devices for connecting modular equipment. The DIN designation is translated into Russian according to the name, and sounds like Deutsches Institut fur Normund (German Institute of Standardization). In our country, the production of DIN rails began in 2004. The ETM company can be considered the pioneer. However, their prices were very high. In addition, the company had to adjust the distance between the holes for some time.

DIN rails are made from galvanized steel or aluminum. Some models are perforated along their entire length for ease of distribution into components of the required size.

By profile type

According to the shape of the profile, the slats are divided into the following types:

Omega-shaped profile, which is the most popular. The products are used for installation of switchboards: installation of automatic protective devices, meters and other necessary devices. The jaws of the slats are curved outward. The width of the device is either 15 or 35 cm. The height of the jaws is made in three standard sizes - 5, 7.5 and 15 mm.

The C-shaped rail assumes the presence of concave edges 15 mm high. This product is used for mounting hardware clamps and terminal blocks.

The G-shaped profile is used less often than other slats. Used for installation of some models of devices imported from abroad. It is quite difficult to find a rail of this type in our country.

The ends of the G-type slats are concave inwards, one of them is shorter than the other - the height is 9 and 15 mm. The width of the slats is 32 mm.

By perforation

For its intended purpose, the DIN rail serves as a mounting rail, which is a profiled strip of steel. The horizontal platform in most types of slats is perforated with oval-shaped holes necessary for attaching the product at the point of its installation. The holes are located at a distance of 10-20 mm from each other.

Slats are also available without perforation, the installation of which requires preliminary marking and drilling of holes for fastening at distances in accordance with the required dimensions.

By manufacturing method

According to the production method, products are divided into:

stamped;
cast.

Cast slats are highly reliable and can withstand significant loads without losing their shape and properties from their impact.

According to the material of manufacture

Depending on the material used in the manufacture, DIN rails are divided into:

steel, reinforced with a protective galvanic coating;
aluminum, lightweight.

By other parameters

DIN rails are also available with reduced profile thickness and width. Other models have special notches, with the help of which the product is divided into pieces of the required length.

Application benefits

The main advantage of using DIN rails is the ease and convenience of installation of modular devices for various purposes in switchboards, regardless of their type of design.