ADSL splitter: what is it for, connection options, features and parameters

Transferring information to the Internet requires the correct configuration and installation of communication routes. When connecting to a standard telephone line, the recommended circuit diagram and suitable system components must be followed. Stable operation of all devices is impossible without proper connection.

An ADSL splitter guarantees high-quality signal separation into two streams. One is supplied via a modem to a computer or router. The other provides telephone communication independent of the Internet connection.

What is this

The device is an object slightly larger or slightly smaller than a matchbox. Each manufacturer determines the dimensions itself, so different models have original dimensions. For example, 17x18x27 mm (ADSL Acorp), or 33x60x48 (ADSL D-Link DSL-30CF/RS) mm.

Note! The ADSL splitter model SP 202, which has dimensions of 51x39x23 mm, is very popular. Modem manufacturers often include this device in their products.

Translated from English, the word “split” means to divide. A splitter is an effective filter. It can be a station one, for processing a powerful signal, but for home use, an ordinary household device is purchased.

Many electronic systems use a splitter, such as telecommunications. But to connect to the Internet, you need to choose a model that has the abbreviation ADSL on it. It is through such a device that the modem is connected. If there is no printed image or factory sticker, then you need to inspect the device. The output designations must be indicated on the case: LINE, PHONE, ADSL. Which splitter to choose is a matter of taste and preference. In terms of technical characteristics, they are all the same.

Important! A splitter should not be confused with a microfilter for a telephone line. These devices work differently. If there is a microfilter on the line up to the point of connection to the modem, it should be removed. It cuts all frequencies except the vocal range. The Internet will not work in this case. All additional devices are connected to the Phone line coming from the modem. The microfilter, unlike the splitter, has not three, but two connectors - input and output.

How to connect ADSL Splitter

In addition to choosing reliable splitters, you need to pay enough attention to how they will be connected to other devices. Basic rules for selecting and using cables:

To carry out all communications, it is worth using high-quality wires; it is forbidden to use power cables and it is advisable not to use TRP type cables.
The splitter with the modem can be located in different ways, but the distance between the ADSL and DSLAM modems on the PBX should not be more than 5-6 km (along the cable length).
For termination under RJ11, a two-pair cable would be ideal; a blue or orange pair is suitable for the line. It is forbidden to take cables from different pairs.

Some manufacturers make mistakes in the instructions in indicating the location of the splitter connectors.
To connect the cables correctly, you first need to focus on the labels on the device itself. basicprovider

Specifications

Review and configuration of the D-Link Dir-320 modem

ADSL splitter is a unified device. There is no need to configure it. A simple electronic circuit allows you to filter the signal in two directions - telephone in the range of up to 3-5 kHz and the Internet - from 20 to 50 kHz. The supported standard is called Annex A. The connectors for 1 input and 2 outputs are the same - RJ-12. The circuits are assembled from original parts with manufacturer's markings.

Note! Splitters are repaired only when there is a broken contact. Parts can only be replaced from the same model, which is practically not done in practice. It is inexpensive and easier to buy.

Features of connecting to one satellite dish

If the antenna converter has two outputs (for signals with horizontal and vertical polarization), you can connect your own receiver to each of them. Or use a multiswitch divider: both outputs of the converter are connected to it, and it distributes signals to 2-3 receivers. However, here you must keep in mind that you will need to pay separately for channels for each device.

Finally, you can connect two converting units to one dish. Then you can connect your own receiver to each of them. However, you need to remember: you cannot use two converters to receive channels from one satellite. Fortunately, the geostationary orbit is filled quite densely and there will almost always be an additional satellite in the reception area.

When using an RF modulator, the procedure will be as follows:

The receiver is connected and configured to receive satellite channels.
An HF modulator is connected to its audio and video outputs, through which low-frequency signals (AV, SCART, etc.) are transmitted. This device converts a low-frequency signal into a high-frequency signal and divides it into several RF outputs. You can already connect regular 75 Ohm coaxial cables to them.
The cables are connected to the antenna connector of the receivers, which are tuned to the broadcast frequency.

Important! Using an RF modulator, you can connect any number of TVs for which there are enough connectors on the device. However, they will all show one channel. Therefore, this scheme is more often used in bars, cafes, shops, and not in residential buildings.

Purpose

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When connecting, the ADSL splitter guarantees signal filtering. Without a device, a connected phone can significantly affect the quality of network information transmission. Possible outages and unstable Internet operation. In turn, strong interference also occurs when using the telephone or fax.

It is not recommended to connect the line directly to the computer. This is done to test the connection. The instructions indicate a diagram for connecting the ADSL splitter to the switching network.

Cascade connection

This is a non-standard connection that involves creating a network of two or more landline phones and a modem. This type of connection can be made in two versions:

Using several splitters. On the first of them, the connections are standard, except for the modem - instead, the cable is connected to the next splitter. Then the network is built according to the general rules described above.
Using a filter and splitter. This is similar to the previous option, but the second and subsequent telephones are connected here in parallel to the subscriber socket.

It is worth considering that a cascade connection is recommended to be used only in extreme cases, when the telephone wiring is very difficult to change. In addition, not all devices are suitable for this type of connection. For example, Siemens filters have capacitor decoupling at the NT output, so there is no way to conduct direct current to the device connected to the second splitter.

Advantages and disadvantages

The undoubted advantages include the fact that ADSL splitters provide high-quality communication, which is impossible without their use. The older generation of Internet users remembers that previously, any entrance to the World Wide Web was blocked by the phone, strange sounds were heard on the handset, and the connection was restored only after disconnecting from the Internet. Today there are no such problems anymore.

Line parameters for ADSL Internet: signal to noise ratio

The signal standard and protocols have undergone dramatic changes. The modern ADSL connection scheme is adapted for standard communications. But it is not yet possible to completely get rid of interference when all devices use the line simultaneously.

Note! A splitter allows you to be on the Internet and at the same time calmly talk on the phone.

Ignorant people asking the question “what is an ADSL splitter, what pros and cons does it have”, do not fully understand its importance in the communication system. Without it, you will not be able to connect to the telephone line normally. Claims can only arise regarding the quality of execution. It is difficult to include the cost of the device as a disadvantage. It is included in the price of the modem upon purchase.

If it gets out of order, replacing it will not be a blow to the family budget. It's not worth saving on your purchase. A splitter from a reputable manufacturer does not differ much in cost from products of dubious quality. It's better to buy a good model.

Features of connecting to one satellite dish

When using an RF modulator, the procedure will be as follows:

The receiver is connected and configured to receive satellite channels.
An HF modulator is connected to its audio and video outputs, through which low-frequency signals (AV, SCART, etc.) are transmitted. This device converts a low-frequency signal into a high-frequency signal and divides it into several RF outputs. You can already connect regular 75 Ohm coaxial cables to them.
The cables are connected to the antenna connector of the receivers, which are tuned to the broadcast frequency.

Important! Using an RF modulator, you can connect any number of TVs for which there are enough connectors on the device. However, they will all show one channel. Therefore, this scheme is more often used in bars, cafes, shops, and not in residential buildings.

Peculiarities

Most modems and routers come included. There is already a splitter that meets all the necessary requirements. Following the instructions, connect all wires.

Note! You should remember the rule common to all models: the input, that is, the line connection, is always located on the opposite side from the other two connectors.

The LAN cable is for connecting to a computer. It cannot be interchanged with the telephone cable. If the latch on the wire connector is damaged, it must be replaced. When connected, the cable should click and when you try to pull it out, it should be held in place.

How to make a TV crab from scrap material

You may have wondered and wondered what a metal box of candy is doing on a page about making your own TV crab.

Yes, this is indeed a box of lollipops, but they are no longer there, since a home-made television crab is made from it, its technical parameters are not inferior to any other industrially produced ones.

If you open the lid and look into the box, everything will immediately become clear. This is a homemade television crab, made according to the above electrical circuit diagram, but instead of connectors, the wire connections are made by soldering.

This design of the crab is completely justified; the television crab is a stationary device, it is installed once and in the future there is no need to change its installation location. And most importantly, such a TV crab can be made from any metal shoebox, sweets, or coffee. The size does not matter, the main thing is that the antenna cable mounting brackets and several radio elements fit.

To make a television crab, you need to make holes in the box at the bottom level for the television cable and in the bottom of the box for mounting brackets. If the walls of the box are thin, then it is better not to drill holes, but to push them through. First pierce it with an awl, then insert the tip of a small screwdriver into the resulting hole and press down while rotating. The hole will get larger. By changing the size of the tool, bring the diameter of the hole to the outer diameter of the television cable. The clamping strips can be made from any metal. The good thing about a pressed hole is that there are no sharp edges that can cut through the cable.

After preparing the box and clamping strips, you need to cut the television cable. It is very important not to cut the central core when removing the insulation. There is no need to remove the cable shielding, but wrap it in place with a strap.

Now you need to insert the prepared ends of the television cable into the holes of the box and secure them with clamping strips. Bend the stripped ends of the central core of the cable slightly upward.

All that remains is to mount the transformer and resistor, close the lid and the TV crab will be ready for use. If the box is of small depth, then you need to make sure that the exposed parts of the parts and the central core of the cable do not come into contact with the cover.

If it is not possible to get a ferrite ring to make a transformer for a television crab, then instead of it a splitter can be made using resistors according to the electrical circuit diagram below.

All resistors of the splitter have the same resistance, which, depending on the number of televisions connected to the antenna wire, is calculated using the given formula.

For example, to connect three TVs to a TV crab, the resistance value R will be equal to 75 Ohms × (3−1)/(3+1)=37.5 Ohms. From the standard series, the resistor with the closest nominal value is 36 Ohm, and that’s what you should take.

Below is an online calculator with which you can calculate the value of resistors for a crab, depending on the number of planned televisions or other television signal receivers for connection.

Online calculator for calculating the value of crab resistors
Enter TV quantity:

The resistor value for making crab is taken from the standard range closest to the calculated one.

The most reliable type of connection of radio components is, of course, soldering. But if it is not possible to perform the connection work in a television crab by soldering, then you can get by by twisting the leads.

For reliable contact, it is enough to tightly wrap the resistor terminal with three to five turns around the central core of the television cable. The contact will not be as reliable as with soldering, but it will be quite sufficient for stable operation of the TV crab.

You can also use a plastic box as a body for a homemade crab if you cover its body and lid from the inside with staniol (aluminum) foil. A prerequisite for this is to ensure electrical contact between the foil of the housing and the cover and with the shielding braids of the television cables.

For reliable contact of the braids, before clamping them with clamping strips, you need to wind several turns of a piece of any copper wire onto each one.

How to choose

First of all, it should be taken into account that the operating frequency of antenna splitters for digital television and satellite dishes is different. For the former it is limited to 1 GHz, for the latter it is 2.5 GHz. In addition, the satellite splitter may have a “Powerpass” function (allows you to supply power to the satellite dish head).

Note that a satellite splitter can also be used to split a digital or analog signal.

The second parameter that you should pay attention to is signal attenuation; as a rule, its value is indicated on the device body; the lower it is, the lower the losses.

It is also important who the manufacturer of the device is. Products from such well-known manufacturers as: Lans, Rexant, Premier, TAH, Luxmann, Alda, Hama, Sat, etc. will give an output signal an order of magnitude better than Chinese or homemade splitters.

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When a second television panel appears in the house, the question arises - how to connect two televisions to one antenna. This is quite easy to do. If necessary, you can connect not two, but three or even 4 TVs to a regular antenna, cable television or satellite dish. You just need to know how to do this correctly, and take into account that when the signal is divided into several equal parts, its quality deteriorates.

Signal Boost

As mentioned above, the signal can be amplified using special devices. To improve an initially weak signal, the user will need a special amplifier that is mounted near the antenna, and if the signal is good, but it is only enough for one TV, you should use an active antenna splitter . Read more about these devices and the features of their connection later in the material.

Antenna with amplifier

An active antenna with amplifier requires mains power. If you use an outdoor antenna, finding an outlet nearby is problematic. In this situation, there are two ways to provide power to the device.

The first option allows you to supply voltage to the antenna directly from the TV through a cable transmitting the TV signal. This is possible using a special splitter that allows the passage of power supply, which can be identified by the Power Pass inscription near one of the outputs. A cable going to one of the TV receivers is connected to this connector, with the power supply at the other end connected to the socket.

Advice! Splitters with power supply are convenient when using DVB-T2 set-top boxes. In this case, power is supplied through the tuner, eliminating the need for another power supply.

The second method is relevant if such a splitter is not available (since it is a rather scarce product). In this case, you can provide power supply using a special adapter. On one side it has an antenna socket into which you need to insert a separator from the power supply. On the other side there is an internal thread and a needle, which must be screwed onto the input of the divider. After connecting the unit to the mains, power will flow even through a conventional divider.

It is better to take a power supply for the amplifier with voltage regulation in order to increase or decrease it if necessary. This may be relevant if the signal is amplified. In this case, when watching digital television, the video may freeze until the voltage is reduced.

Splitter with amplifier

If the antenna signal is good, but it is not enough for several TVs, you can use a special active splitter. It looks like a regular splitter, but inside it is a chip and resistors. When connecting a couple of television panels, you can try to do without it, but if the signal is divided into three or more parts, it must be used .

Power for the active splitter is supplied in the same way as for the antenna with amplifier. The cable going to the TV is connected to the output labeled “Power Pass”, with the power supply connected on the other side (first method).

Options

The ADSL Annex A splitter operates according to a standard that transmits information at high speed along with analog phones. Operating on this line, it uses channels six to thirty-one to transmit data, and channels thirty-eight to two hundred fifty-five to receive them. This splitter works using the G.lite protocol. The Annex B standard carries high-speed data with ISDN telephony. The device uses channels for data transmission from thirty-three to fifty-seven, and for reception - from sixty-three to two hundred and fifty-five.

The splitter has an ADSL local network specification, a load capacitance for the telephone output, a maximum operating current and pulse current, a certain response time for voltage and current protection, a surge voltage, and a pass resistance. All these parameters are indicated in the instructions. Splitters are usually installed in rooms that are maximally protected from direct sunlight and high humidity. The device weighs no more than forty grams.

Is it possible to connect two TVs via HDMI?

No, nothing will be broadcast to the second TV. At most, if the first TV has a corresponding function, then you can broadcast sound from one of the HDMI ports (ARC function - audio reverse channel). HDMI is not an output or an input, it is a port and on a TV it still serves as an input.

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Why do you need a splitter

If a high-frequency signal (Internet, ADSL) operates simultaneously with a low-frequency signal (PSTN), then interference in the form of noise will be constantly heard in the handset (the phone’s electronics will “try” to decipher the HF signal). On the other hand, the low-frequency component of the signal will “slow down” the transfer of information from the server, because The modem will consider low-frequency signals to be an error that needs to be corrected.

To protect both signals (analog telephone and digital computer) from mutual influence, a filter (or splitter) is used that is connected between the telephone cable, the modem and the telephone. Externally, the separation filter is a small plastic box that has one input for a telephone cable and a pair of outputs for the device and modem.

Content:

The indicator stays on or flashes while receiving data.

Direct current for a phone connected to the second splitter will not pass. This significantly reduces the reliability of the ADSL modem. In the last picture they apparently tried to depict options for connecting microfilters. There is only one drawback - it is very large in size and price. The section is updated daily. However, if this speed is lower than the speed of the tariff plan, this is already a reason to contact technical support to repair the damage. Use of microfilters. All splitter connectors use two central contacts.

As a result, the phone interferes with the operation of the ADSL modem and frequent loss of connection. The disadvantages of this solution are a continuation of its advantages. See for yourself, the screenshots are taken from the documentation for the modems. Off or constantly on - LAN system error

CASIO TV-5100B

Diagram 5 2. So there are 2 telephone cables, one goes through the entire wall to my room to the modem, there is also another that is routed to the electrical panel. It is not always cured by replacing the splitter. Shows the level at which the adsl modem receives a signal from the provider’s equipment.

If you find them, only used ones. The phone makes noise when the adsl modem is running.

Overlying protocol packets, such as IP or IPX, are packaged into PPP frames by the sending equipment and then reconstructed by the receiving device. I need this modem to distribute Wi-Fi. I'm going to connect to the Internet via a telephone cable. How to properly crimp an internet cable. twisted pair

Signal Boost

Antenna with amplifier

An active antenna with amplifier requires mains power. If you use an outdoor antenna, finding an outlet nearby is problematic. In this situation, there are two ways to provide power to the device.

Advice! Splitters with power supply are convenient when using DVB-T2 set-top boxes. In this case, power is supplied through the tuner, eliminating the need for another power supply.