The best surge protectors with surge protection

No. 10 – SVEN SF-05PL

Price: 820 rubles

A good filter at an affordable price. The cable length here is decent - three meters, there are five sockets. A distinctive feature of the solution, due to which it looks more interesting than most competitors, is the presence of individual switches. It’s not even worth mentioning how convenient it is. Another advantage is plastic, which does not emit unpleasant odors during operation, since the body does not heat up.

The inexpensive device copes with its task perfectly well; many buyers report in reviews that it has been serving them faithfully for several years now. Considering how much the filter costs, it has no significant disadvantages.

SVEN SF-05PL

Useful life of fixed assets

If you did not find your fixed asset in the classifier of depreciation groups, then establish the SPI of this OS, based on the service life specified in the technical documentation or the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Useful lives of fixed assets: the classifier does not contain your OS

If an organization uses the straight-line method of calculating depreciation, then, having acquired a used fixed asset, it can establish its useful life as the SPI according to the classifier, reduced by the number of years/months of operation of this fixed asset by the ex-owner. You can take the SPI established by the previous owner and reduce it by the number of years/months of operation of the OS by this owner (clause 7 of Article 258 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation).

automatic and semi-automatic telephone stations; automatic and semi-automatic intercity and international telephone stations - sixth group

(property with a useful life of over 10 years up to 15 years inclusive)

OKOF-2 (as amended on 05/08/2021, taking into account changes came into force on 07/01/2021) All-Russian classifier of fixed assets OK 013-2021 (SNA 2021) came into force on January 1, 2021 to replace OKOF OK 013-94 For To convert the OKOF code to the OKOF2 code, use the OKOF to OKOF2 code converter.

Other communication equipment transmitting with receiving devices, not included in other groups

special tool kits for telecommunications equipment and line-cable works; devices and equipment for operational work in communications - first group

(all short-lived property with a useful life from 1 year to 2 years inclusive)

1. In the first column of OKOF, find the type of property to which the OS belongs (9 digits).
2. Check the code specified in the OKOF in the first column of the OS classification.
3. If there is a code in the OS classification, look at which depreciation group the OS belongs to.

The All-Russian Classifier of Fixed Assets (OKOF), which determines the depreciation group of fixed assets, remains unchanged. From January 1, 2021, OKOF OK 013-2021 (SNS 2021), approved by Rosstandart order No. 2021-st dated December 12, 2021, is in effect. The same classifier will be in effect in 2022.

Method 2 - by property class code

The property subclass code differs from the property type code in that the seventh digit in it is always zero. For example, a rotary pump belongs to subclass 14 2912021 (centrifugal, piston and rotary pumps). If this code is not included in the OS classification, determine the depreciation group using the second method.

Depreciation groups of fixed assets in a year are determined according to new rules. The table will help you determine exactly where to place your property. And the instructions will tell you which classifier to use for depreciation groups. Activate trial access to the RNA magazine or subscribe at a discount. Urgently check whether you have correctly determined the useful life of fixed assets. For many properties, this period has changed retroactively, as the Government made large-scale changes to the Classification.

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No. 9 – InterStep SP-306W

Price: 770 rubles

Our 2022 surge protector rankings move on. The budget model has 6 sockets, as well as two USB ports. The presence of the latter will allow you to charge smartphones and other gadgets without occupying an outlet. However, its distinguishing feature is the enhanced surge protection unit. The manufacturer claims that thanks to it the filter is 10 times more reliable than competitors at the same price.

Another advantage of the cheapest representative of the selection is considered to be its ergonomic design, which allows you to hide wires from connected devices. Most often in reviews, owners complain about the length of the cable - it is only 1.8 meters.

InterStep SP-306W

Key features of network filters

Equipment of this class protects the load from short circuits, filters high-frequency interference, and protects against short-term voltage pulses.

When choosing a surge protector, consider the following:

• Number and type of sockets. Modern filters are equipped with from one to eight sockets. Connector C is a European standard with two pin holes. Type F is additionally equipped with grounding plates.
• Main parameters. This is, first of all, the maximum power and load current. If the total values ​​of the equipment connected to the filter exceed the parameters declared by the manufacturer, you should select a model that can withstand higher loads.
• Protection systems. Modern surge protectors are equipped with protection against voltage surges and automatic shutdown in case of overload or overheating. Products of this type are also equipped with a high-frequency interference suppression circuit.
• Built-in switch. All surge protectors are equipped with a common switch installed on the top or side panel of the housing. Some models have individual toggle switches for each outlet.
• Length of cable. This parameter is related to the mobility of the product. A long cable is convenient in rooms with a large area. Adapter models without a power cord are suitable for local connection of electrical devices.
• Additional options. The presence of additional functions expands the capabilities of the device. Built-in light indicators inform you about the operation of the filter. Special loops or holes make it possible to mount the equipment on the wall. USB ports provide direct connection to gadgets for recharging.

#7 – Pilot Pro GP

Price: 1,400 rubles

Surge filter from a domestic brand. His presence is not due only to patriotic feelings. The device can show the owner that he has inserted the plug the wrong way. There is also an inverted phase indication. The main advantage is protection. The device guarantees the safety of equipment in the event of power surges and impulses. In the event of a short circuit, the fuse will burn out, but it can be replaced.

There are six sockets in total, with two for flat plugs. The filter housing is made of impact-resistant plastic, and the tires are made of metal. This ensures tight contact of the plug in the sockets. For ease of placement of the wire, a special removable element is provided. The cable length is a controversial point - 1.8 meters. Otherwise, there are no shortcomings; in terms of price-quality ratio, this is an excellent option.

Pilot Pro GP

What to choose?

The answer to the question depends on: a) the quality of the alternating current in your home; b) a specific consumer. If you firmly know that your voltage always stays around the norm of 220-230 V, then a surge protector is enough to protect any consumer.

Unfortunately, stability in Russian networks is more a rarity than a rule. Use a multimeter and see for yourself. It is unlikely that you will always observe normal voltage, especially somewhere in the countryside.

However, you should not immediately run for a stabilizer: not all equipment today requires a stable value of 220 V. Heating devices with heating elements, as well as short-term use devices with high starting currents (for example, pumps, power tools) definitely do not need it.

Most modern electronics are equipped with switching power supplies that can operate over a wide range: from 90 to 260 V and even more. The circuitry of such power supplies always produces a constant, stable voltage for the internal elements of the circuit. All computers are powered by such power supplies, therefore, contrary to popular belief, a stabilizer is not needed for a computer. Of course, a lot here depends on the cost and class of the computer power supply: cheap models may have a narrower range or simply work poorly even with small deviations.

TVs, monitors, computer system units, LED lamps and luminaires, chargers for laptops, tablets, phones and other household appliances, which include switching power supplies, almost never need voltage stabilizers.

What devices really need this unit? First of all, these are long-term use devices without built-in power supplies, in particular those based on electric motors: refrigerators, pumping stations, air conditioners, etc. When the voltage increases, these devices begin to work with overload, heat up more, and wear out faster.

Some models of gas boilers are especially sensitive to voltage drops. But not all! Therefore, before buying a stabilizer for a gas boiler, look at the instructions for the boiler.

If the documentation indicates a narrow operating range of input voltages (±5...10% of the nominal value), and the voltage in the outlet jumps much more, then, alas, you cannot do without a stabilizer.

You can learn more about whether a gas boiler needs a stabilizer or not from this article. And here they will tell you why your TV doesn’t need a stabilizer at all.

If you still use incandescent lamps and are annoyed by their blinking during power surges, then they can also be connected through a stabilizer. For this particular case, I highly recommend inverter-type stabilizers (for example, InStab from Shtil).

Finally, if any device (even an LCD TV or PC with switching power supplies) periodically turns off when the voltage drops, it still needs a stabilizer.

No. 6 – Most EHV

Price: 1,200 rubles

The Most EHV model is at the equator of the top network filters. It is equipped with five sockets with an individual switch for each. Overheating protection is provided by a thermobiometallic fuse. It is quite reliable and in reviews the owners report that it really copes with its task.

Each of the outlets has a ground connection, so there will be no interference or other problems. The brand confirms its confidence in its creation with a three-year guarantee. The cord is long - 6 meters. This is one of the best indicators in this segment. The model is popular in Russia, which is not surprising - it is really worth attention.

Most EHV

Purchasing computer components

The components of a computer, without which it cannot work, must be taken into account as a single object of fixed assets (computer). And take into account separately those items without which the computer functions normally (for example, a printer). By the way, if you buy components for assembling a computer from different suppliers, then consider them as inventory.

Question

In accordance with the All-Russian Classification of Fixed Assets (OKOF), computer components belong to the group “Electronic computing equipment” (OKOF code – 14 3020000). According to the Classification approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of January 1, 2002 No. 1, electronic computing equipment is included in the second depreciation group (Classification code - 14 3020000). In accounting, the maximum useful life established for depreciation groups is applied (clause 44 of the Instructions to the Unified Chart of Accounts No. 157n). That is, all computer elements have the same useful life (three years). This means that they cannot be taken into account as separate fixed assets. This conclusion follows from paragraph 45 of the Instructions to the Unified Chart of Accounts No. 157n.

The connection of the wires inside the filter is carried out using soldering. The soldering quality is low, the soldering is “cold” and the solder falls off the lamella strips. You cannot count on a long service life of the product; it is not for nothing that the warranty period for the product is set to a minimum by the manufacturer.

The Ippon BK-212 surge protector extension cord is made of cream-colored matte plastic. The filter has 6 Euro sockets, the design is standard for extension cords. The large power switch is recessed into the housing to protect it from accidental pressing; when turned on, it is illuminated in red. The protective thermal fuse is located on the side. There are slots in the housing for wall mounting. When connecting a PlugIN adapter, it takes up two sockets.

ExeGate SP-600

The ExeGate SP-600 surge protector extension cable is equipped with a EURO plug designed for a rated current of 16 A. The network cable with a cross-section of 3×0.75 mm², a diameter of 6.6 mm, is equipped with protection against chafing. The switch is combined with a 10 A thermal fuse and breaks one current-carrying wire. Protection against high-voltage pulses is implemented by a 14D471K varistor. It is capable of absorbing 250 J of energy for 1000 ms and withstanding a current of 4500 A for 20 ms. The socket lamellas are made in the form of two strips of yellow metal, 0.5 mm thick and 5.5 mm wide. The metal is quite soft; the PlugIN adapter, weighing about 200 grams, falls out at the slightest shock when the filter is turned over with the adapter facing down. The case is made of medium soft plastic, the two halves of the case are connected by 8 self-tapping screws. The housing bears the OEM marking, PF-C22.

Rationale for the conclusion: According to the Directives approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated 01.07.2021 N 65n, expenses for the acquisition of objects, which in the future, in accordance with the current accounting procedure, can be taken into account as part of non-financial assets, are included in the corresponding articles of group 300 “Receipt of non-financial assets » KOSGU. Thus, expenses for the acquisition of objects related to fixed assets are carried out at the expense of Article 310 “Increase in the cost of fixed assets” of the KOSGU, and expenses for the acquisition of objects related to inventories are carried out at the expense of Article 340 “Increase in the cost of inventories” of the KOSGU. The conditions for classifying specific types of property as fixed assets are given in paragraphs. 38, 39, 41 of the Instruction approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated December 1, 2021 N 157n (hereinafter referred to as Instruction N 157n). In addition, as a general rule, items of non-financial assets cannot be classified as fixed assets if they must be accounted for as part of inventories in accordance with the requirements of clause 99 of Instruction No. 157n. One of the main criteria for classifying an object as a fixed asset is its useful life: it must be more than 12 months (clause 38 of Instruction No. 157n). Even the most superficial analysis of the provisions of Instruction No. 157n shows: the same items of property under different circumstances can be taken into account both as part of fixed assets and as part of inventories. When assigning material assets to the corresponding group of non-financial assets (fixed assets or inventories), the decisive role is played by the professional judgments of specific officials, which should be based on data on: - the purpose of material assets; - the order of their use. At the same time, only employees of the institution in which the use (operation) of the property will be carried out have complete information to make a balanced and informed decision on this issue. In order to avoid a subjective approach when assessing by authorized officials the legality of applying in a particular case articles KOSGU 310 “Increase in the cost of fixed assets”, 340 “Increase in the cost of inventories”, in recent years, financial department specialists have invariably formulated the following legal position: such decisions relate to the competence of government agency employees who have complete and reliable information necessary for making decisions in accordance with the current accounting procedures (see, in particular, letters of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated November 11, 2021 N 02-06-010/48099, dated February 27, 2021 N 02-07-10/534). Such a decision is made with the participation of accounting service specialists by the specialized commission of the institution (clause 34 of Instruction No. 157n). According to the requirements of local regulations adopted by the institution, it can be drawn up in writing and must contain a conclusion on the fulfillment of the conditions for accounting as separate fixed assets in relation to the relevant property items or on their inclusion in material inventories. Taking into account the above, we believe that the cost of purchasing an extension cord (“surge filter”) can be made both through Article 310 “Increase in the cost of fixed assets” of the KOSGU, and through Article 340 “Increase in the cost of inventories” of the KOSGU. In this case, the final decision on classifying the acquired property as inventory (fixed assets) can only be made by competent officials of the institution within the scope of their powers, based on the specific characteristics of the extension cord, the expected conditions of its use (operation), and its useful life. Let us remind you that information about the useful life of an asset must be provided by its seller.

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For your information: There are three rules, compliance with which will significantly reduce the likelihood of claims from financial control authorities when acquiring non-financial assets. 1. Already at the stage of making a decision on the acquisition of this or that property in an institution, a “set of arguments” must be formed to justify the application of the relevant article of KOSGU. The result of such work should be a written decision of the commission on receipt and disposal of assets created in the institution on a permanent basis. 2. The institution must formulate a unified approach to classifying acquired material assets as fixed assets or inventories. In other words, cases when similar property relates to both fixed assets and inventories should be excluded. 3. The procedure for applying budget classification when acquiring certain assets (groups of assets) can be agreed upon by the authorized body approving the relevant documents or appendices (explanations) to them (such documents, for example, include estimates, assignments for the provision of state (municipal) services, methodological recommendations (instructions)). Considering the above, it is easy to conclude: when considering the validity of an institution’s use of budget classification codes when acquiring non-financial assets, as a rule, auditors can reasonably reflect in the audit report of financial and economic activities only their professional judgment, according to which it would be advisable to take certain assets into account as part of the fixed assets or, conversely, as part of inventories. But the validity of classifying an institution’s expenses for the acquisition of property as misuse of budget funds only on the basis of such a judgment is very doubtful. As a result, such a decision can most likely be successfully challenged in the prescribed manner (including in court). Responsibility for misuse of budget funds cannot be applied in the case where, based on the content of regulatory documents, it is impossible to clearly establish to which budget classification code of a public sector organization the expenses incurred by it should be attributed (expenses could equally be assigned to different budget codes). classification) (clause 14.1 of the resolution of the Plenum of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation dated June 22, 2021 N 23).

Budget accounting

Having considered the issue, we came to the following conclusion: Expenses for the purchase of an extension cord can be made both through Article 310 “Increase in the cost of fixed assets” of KOSGU, and through Article 340 “Increase in the cost of inventories” of KOSGU. The final decision to classify the acquired property as inventory (fixed assets) can be made by competent officials of the institution within the scope of their powers based on the specific characteristics of the extension cord, taking into account the expected conditions of its use (operation).

acceptance for accounting of fixed assets, with the exception of real estate, movable property worth up to 3,000 rubles inclusive, and library collections at the original cost formed during their acquisition, creation, production, incl. in an economic way, is reflected on the basis of primary accounting documents: Certificate of acceptance and transfer of a building (structure) (f. 0306030), Certificate of acceptance and transfer of fixed assets (except for buildings, structures) (f. 0306001), Certificate of acceptance and transfer groups of fixed assets (except for buildings, structures) (f. 0306031) by the debit of the corresponding analytical accounting accounts of account 010100000 “Fixed assets” (010121310 - 010128310, 010131310 - 010138310) and the credit of the corresponding analytical accounting accounts of account 010600000 “Investments in non-financial assets » (010621310, 010631310);

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No. 5 – APC by Schneider Electric PMF83VT-RS

Price: 3,990 rubles

Experts agree that the model is one of the best not only in the brand’s lineup, but also in its segment as a whole. It is equipped with eight sockets, each of which has grounding, as well as protective curtains. The cord is quite long - three meters, the optimal indicator.

The protection here is well thought out - the filter ensures the safety of the data transmission line, filters electromagnetic interference and radio frequency noise, and protects against impulse noise and lightning strikes. There is a rotary wire clamp that rotates 180 degrees. Thus, you will not have problems with the placement of the device.

APC by Schneider Electric PMF83VT-RS

Uninterruptible power supplies

These devices are designed to ensure the correct shutdown of the computer, first of all, and also protect against power surges.

In essence, it is a stabilizer with its own battery, the capacity of which determines the battery life of computer equipment. They must first be installed by those who have their own server or regular PC, which must be constantly turned on and continue to work regardless of power surges. It is also advisable to use such a device in other cases when the power grid is unstable.

No. 4 – Brennenstuhl Alu-Office-Line 60.000A 4

Price: 5,500 rubles

One step away from the top pedestal, where the best surge protectors are collected, is the Brennenstuhl Alu-Office-Line model. In addition to the stylish design, which looks even more impressive in real life than in the photo, the model has two USB ports for charging gadgets. True, there are only four sockets here, which may scare off many. True, they are of the highest quality and ensure tight contact with the plug.

Many people note in reviews that the model is capable of protecting devices from impacts with a maximum leakage current of up to 60,000A. The cable routing is well thought out and ensures ergonomic placement of the filter. It is noteworthy that the sockets are located at an angle of 45 degrees and are suitable for angled plugs.

Brennenstuhl Alu-Office-Line 60.000A 4

Surge protection devices have a lifespan!

The service life of a surge protector is not measured in years. It is measured in joules. The MOV included in your surge protector is measured in joules, which is directly related to the lifespan of your specific surge protector.

There are many different types of surge protectors available today. If you're looking for a surge protector that can stand up to a lot of abuse, pay attention to the joules it's rated for. This is a measurement of the energy that your surge protector is designed to protect your devices from.

No. 3 – Energenie EG-PMS2-LAN

Price: 7,000 rubles

Many professionals recommend this surge protector if you are looking for a device that can provide excellent protection for your computer. This is an advanced model, which is equipped with four sockets with grounding and curtains. It is noteworthy that turning them on and off depends on events occurring on the computer - starting or shutting down Windows, turning on certain programs. Thus, unused devices will not consume electricity.

There is an RJ-45 network interface, which is the main distinguishing feature of the filter from previous competitors in the rating. Due to this, you can program all four sockets individually and control them from your smartphone, wherever you are.

Energenie EG-PMS2-LAN

OKOF Surge Filter In 2021

In any case, the determination of a specific OKOF code is based on the subjective judgment of institution officials. In the year, no official explanations were given regulating the replacement of OKOF codes for fixed assets accepted for accounting before. One of the indicators of these forms is OKOF codes, so in the year it is still advisable to replace OKOF codes for fixed assets accepted for accounting before.

Surge Filter Okof 2021

In order not to make mistakes in the calculations, the accountant needs to: Companies must determine the depreciation periods of assets in tax accounting according to the new classification of fixed assets. For many properties, this period has changed retroactively, as the Government made large-scale changes to the Classification. To calculate depreciation in tax accounting, the accountant determines which depreciation group the fixed asset belongs to. This will allow you to find out over what period the fixed assets need to be depreciated.

Answer: To replace OKOF in the 1C Accounting program of a government institution, you must use the “OKOF Replacement Assistant” processing. When replacing OKOF using this processing, the depreciation group in the fixed asset card will not change.

Answer: Light panels with built-in lamps are a type of electric lighting fixture, an electrical household appliance, i.e. belong to the OKOF code group “Other machinery and equipment, including household equipment, and other objects” (code 330). Consequently, by the commission for the receipt and disposal of assets, they can quite reasonably be assigned to the OKOF group code 330.28.29 “Other general purpose machinery and equipment, not included in other groups” (letter of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated December 27, 2021 No. 02-07-08/ 78243).

OKOF code table for office electronics

It is worth noting that for some objects several OKOF codes can be used at once. As the Ministry of Finance of Russia points out, in the OKOF description there is no procedure for assigning classification objects to a specific code. Therefore, the determination of the OKOF code in any case is based on the subjective judgment of officials of the institution (letter of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated September 21, 2021 No. 02-06-10/61195). As a rule, the decision to determine the OKOF code is made by the permanent commission on the receipt and disposal of assets.

Consequently, the main criterion for assigning oars and a motor to a particular item will be their service life. That is, if the service life is more than 12 months, they should be taken into account under Article 310, less than 12 months - under Article 340 of KOSGU.

This item includes expenses of recipients of budget funds, as well as state (municipal) budgetary and autonomous institutions for payment of state (municipal) contracts, contracts for construction, acquisition (manufacturing) of objects related to fixed assets, as well as for reconstruction, technical re-equipment, expansion, modernization and additional equipment of fixed assets that are state or municipal property, received for rent or free use, including:

No. 2 – Brennenstuhl Premium-Protect-Line

Price: 13,300 rubles

One of the newest models of network filters. It has a durable matte aluminum body that does not overheat and does not emit unpleasant odors. The device is economical because all slave devices are switched off in standby mode and do not waste electricity. There are 11 sockets here, and a master-slave connection is implemented by the device. Thus, when you turn on the computer, printers, monitors or other peripherals will automatically start.

The Master Slave power strip is surge protected, protecting your equipment from network disturbances such as power surges, indirect lightning strikes or line noise with a maximum total leakage current of up to 120,000. The disadvantage is the high cost.

Brennenstuhl Premium-Protect-Line

Noise filters

Nowadays, the problem of electromagnetic compatibility of radio-electronic equipment (RES) is more acute than ever. The number of distributed distribution systems connected to the power grid is inexorably increasing. The problem is further aggravated by the fact that many RES must function simultaneously. As a rule, professional developers pay a lot of attention to this issue at the proper level. However, the desired result is not always achieved. At home the situation is even worse. If we also take into account the deplorable state of our power lines, then further comments will become unnecessary.

The proposed network filter largely allows you to “detect” from the mutual influence of interference “power grid - distribution network - power grid”. It is assembled from available parts and does not require adjustment.

Several circumstances prompted the author to take on the task of making a surge protector on his own. When the computer system unit was turned on, there was a sharp deterioration in the quality of viewing TV images. This happened on several channels simultaneously. Signals from TV channels broadcasting in the MB range immediately became very noisy. Color rendition was severely disrupted or disappeared completely. Strong moire disrupted horizontal and frame synchronization.

This was just the first sign. The interference somehow began to appear on other TVs located at a considerable distance from this computer (tens of meters). At first, everything could only be attributed to an indoor antenna (a typical “Polish all-wave antenna”).

They changed its location. Undoubtedly, the situation has changed somewhat for the better. But it was not possible to get rid of the noisy image. Everything seems to be hidden in the placement of the antenna in the room. However, TVs operating in another room, also with an external antenna, suffered from similar problems, although not to the same extent. And this happened on the same “ill-fated” TV channels. Moreover, as soon as the office equipment was turned off, the quality of the TV image became normal. Other experiments were carried out: - the antennas were moved; — the location of the TV receiver was changed; — tried to use .

. You should definitely talk a little about these filters. Several different extension cords called surge protectors were purchased.

They could still work as extension cords. True, they use such tough Asian wires that using them is both inconvenient and dangerous. Quite quickly, the contacts inside such “filters” become loose, and connections become loose. Combustion soon occurs. As you know, it burns where there is poor contact, where it gets hot.

What happened next was even more fun. Disassembling several of these “filters” showed that there are no filters at all. Only in one of them the manufacturer bothered to install a small-sized throttle. It is wound on a ring core. The inductance indicated on the body of this inductor is 2.2 mH. The throttle is filled with blue compound. And there are no noise-suppressing capacitors nearby! And this is one of the “best” network filters in the price category above 15 USD.

These “filter” extension cords have a power switch illuminated by a miniature neon light bulb. By the way, this switch is the first candidate for failure. It is unreliable from a mechanical point of view. These are just some of the problems that prompted the author of this article to undertake his own production of an easy-to-use surge protector.

The filter circuit is shown in Fig. 1.

For increased efficiency, it is made in two stages. It is distinguished from many other filters by the fact that the filter coils of each link are placed on a common magnetic circuit. No core magnetic circuits were used. Thanks to the magnetic coupling between the windings, there is a stronger suppression of low-frequency common-mode interference, which is induced simultaneously on both wires of the coils. Here it is important to ensure the phasing of the windings marked on the diagram (by dots). In addition, the symmetry of both windings is also required.

Capacitors C1, C2 and coils L1, L2 are responsible for suppressing the highest frequency interference. Frequencies up to 200 kHz are suppressed by coils L3, L4 and other capacitors. Coils L1 and L2 are wound with double folded wire of the PELSHO-0.63 type and contain 2 × 25 turns. The armored magnetic circuit B22-2000NM1 was used. The inductance of each coil exceeded 120 μH. Inductance was measured with a universal device LP235. It was somewhat more difficult to make the second pair of coils. Coils L3 and L4 are wound with double PELSHO-0.63 wire, and each winding contains 87 turns. The coils are wound on a W-shaped ferrite magnetic core (W12x14). The grade of ferrite on the core is not given.

The resulting inductance of each winding was almost 20 mH (19.6 mH). Before performing this winding, a homemade frame was made from electrical cardboard. To avoid emergency situations, a fuse holder with a 10 A fuse is also installed in the circuit.

About capacitors . These are very important elements in this scheme. Since there is no version of small-sized capacitors of the KSO type with a capacity of 0.01 μF 500 V, a parallel connection of capacitors with a smaller capacity - 4700 pF 500 V (C1-C4) was used. Capacitors of the KSO types enjoy a good reputation for a reason. Capacitor C5 is a television filter type K78-2 with a nominal value of 0.1 or 0.15 μF. These are also very reliable capacitors. Practice has confirmed this many times. They are specially designed to suppress impulse noise in television equipment. Subsequently, the tandem of two series-connected capacitors C8 and C9 was also replaced by one copy of K78-2. Installing four elements R1, R2, C6 and C7 allows you to solve several problems at the same time.

Firstly, remove the problem of finding (shortage) a high-voltage and large-sized capacitor (0.5 µF 800 V).

Secondly, to increase the reliability of the “battery” of capacitors connected in series. Thirdly, thanks to equalizing resistors, not only the voltage on the capacitors is equalized.

After accidental contact with your hands to the terminals of a filter disconnected from the 220 V/50 Hz supply network, a short-term but painful electric shock is eliminated. Thanks to the presence of these resistors, all capacitors in the circuit are quickly discharged. All coils must have the same inductance. In this situation, ring ferrite magnetic cores were abandoned only because of excessive routine work, so as not to round off the sharp edges of ferrite surfaces, not to suffer from labor-intensive and monotonous winding of windings, etc.

Capacitors can also be used of other types. However, the types of capacitors mentioned above have proven to be very reliable in many situations. That's why they were given preference.

Without exception, all capacitors were tested for the magnitude of the withstand voltage (using a unique method of non-destructive testing, at low test currents). Capacitors C6-C9 with a capacity of 1 µF 400 V type MPT-96. To fasten ferrite products to the board, metal parts were not used at all. The old proven method was used: threads with glue.

Radioamator No. 11, 2009

List of radioelements

№1 – Supra Mains Block MD-06EU Switch

Price: 17,000 rubles

For anyone who doesn’t know which surge protector to buy, we recommend Supra Mains Block MD-06EU. The new product is a top representative of the market. The device provides a reduction in radio interference by 40 dB, the conductors are made of oxygen-free copper, and a continuous supply of 3680 W of power is supported. For all these indicators, the filter is a flagship and has no analogues. The gadget protects the owner from interference and top-end speaker systems from negative influences.

If necessary, the device can be mounted on the wall. There are 6 sockets, each grounded and has curtains. Three-way overvoltage protection - between phase and ground, zero and ground, phase and zero. The only downside is the price.

Supra Mains Block MD-06EU Switch

Surge filter device - how it works

Inside the filters is a built-in circuit whose job is to absorb frequency distortion and voltage surges. In case of serious interference, a fuse is switched on, which in an emergency turns off all equipment.

Surge protectors operate instantly even when struck by lightning. Electronic circuits of surge protectors instantly make calculations and absorb or dissipate energy. Exceeding the permissible voltage level forces a high-quality filter to completely turn off the equipment to prevent breakdown and even fire.

Simple models of devices work like fuses - after a power surge they simply burn out and require replacement. However, despite the primitiveness of the work, they cope with their minimal task.

VIDEO REVIEW

What is better - a stabilizer or a surge protector?

Many people have a question about how a surge protector differs from a stabilizer.

A surge protector can only protect equipment in the event of small power surges. Stabilizers, although they perform the same function, actually operate in a much wider range of voltage deviations, as well as the duration of interference.

They are capable of maintaining a 220V network voltage with a slight adjustment of a few percent. If necessary, this device will lower or increase the voltage, and in case of an emergency, disconnect the equipment from the network.