How to make a left socket in the house. Connecting the left socket inside the house

How to connect electricity bypassing the meter. Connection past the electricity meter

There are several ways to influence the operation of the meter. But in most cases, you will need access to the electrical elements of the device. In older models, it was possible to change the polarity of the connection, due to which the counter began to spin in the opposite direction. To bypass the meter, some craftsmen will shorten the phase input and output of the meter with a jumper. Thus, the phase bypasses the counting mechanism of the device. Older models of devices were stopped mechanically, using various wires or plates.

Ways to steal electricity in an apartment building

Technical methods of stealing electricity involve temporarily excluding the meter from the power circuit, which allows you to manipulate the current readings of the device. Basic methods of blocking a recording device include:

• disconnect the neutral conductor of the electrical wiring from the corresponding terminal of the electric meter and connect to it the structural elements of the building (water pipes, fittings, etc.) connected to the ground.);
• installation of an electrical circuit laid “bypassing” the measuring device (for example.

When it comes to interfering with the electricity meter itself, a powerful magnet reigns supreme. This is due to the fact that electrical measuring instruments use magnetic devices to operate, and external magnetic fields can significantly affect the accuracy of the measurement. A powerful magnet located next to the meter can saturate the magnetic circuits of the sensors and thereby significantly negatively affect the operation of the meter, up to its complete stop. "Smart" meters. Over the past decade, utilities have launched a campaign to replace old electromechanical meters with new electronic meters, or smart meters as they are called.

Technical methods for detecting electricity theft include:

• presence of discrepancy between load consumption and electricity meter readings using a current collector or multimeter;
• checking the correct connections according to the meter's electrical diagram;
• traceability of loads connected to public lines to ensure there are no external consumers in them;
• visual inspection of the meter contacts for the presence of bypass jumpers or changes in the order of connecting the phase and neutral wires, as well as artificial braking of the disk of a mechanical device.

Important: During a visual inspection, special attention should be paid to the presence in the house of such auxiliary electrical equipment as step-down transformers, branch strips with hooks (for rural areas) and unaccounted for grounding lines.

Types of electricity meters All electricity meters installed at consumers are classified according to the following parameters:

• By connection method;
• By type of measured quantities;
• By design.

One of the 2 most popular types of electricity metering devices is now installed in apartments and private houses, namely:

• Electronic meter - controls consumption at different speeds (such devices can be controlled remotely).

Installing an electric meter on a pole Theft of electricity You can simply close contacts 1 and 2 of the meter (input and output phases), then the meter simply will not count, since all the consumed current passes through (a kind of bypass).

This helps reduce electricity theft.

How to make a hole for a socket

In an ordinary concrete wall, a hole for installing a socket is made simply. Take a hammer drill and hollow out a “nest” of the required diameter. Nowadays a particularly popular question is: how to install a socket in drywall. And this, in fact, is even easier than working with a regular wall.

First, a hole is cut in the drywall, which in itself is not particularly difficult. Then, if hidden wiring sockets are installed, a “gypsum board socket box” specially designed for this type of installation is used. You can attach such a box with a screwdriver in a couple of minutes, and how to do this will become clear to everyone who picks it up.

How to make a socket in the wall

1. Before proceeding with the installation of the socket, it must be disassembled: remove the supporting protective and decorative parts, remove the outer cover. This is not difficult to do, since almost all cover models are fixed with one or two bolts, unscrewing which opens access to the “contents” of the socket.

2. Find out what kind of wire fixation is provided in the device. Most often, sockets are equipped with special clamping terminals. Therefore, in order to clamp the wire, it will be enough to insert it into the hole (slot) provided for this purpose and tighten the bolt more tightly. But, more often than not, the electrical wire is simply screwed on with a bolt and washer.

3. In the first option, we strip the ends of the wire by 5 - 7 mm, insert them and tighten them tightly. In the second option, we strip the ends of the electrical wire by 10 - 15 mm (depending on the diameter). Round nose pliers are best suited for these purposes. Using them, small rings are made from the stripped ends, the inner diameter of which should be slightly larger than the diameter of the mounting bolts. The fastening bolts with washers are inserted into the wire rings and screwed into place, while clamping the wire.

4. Installation of the device is completed by fixing the socket. This stage is especially important, since if the plug is pulled out frequently and sometimes incorrectly, the sockets begin to fall out of their seats.

How to make the electricity meter fluctuate less

you have to wrap the yarn backwards (not sure how to do this) but my dad did this before and the counter was rewound backwards!

A three-phase electronic meter has the same firmware and seals installed as a single-phase one. A three-phase meter counts the same way, even if the third phase is not connected. Electronic measuring instruments use an electronic circuit instead of coils, but this does not change the accounting principle.

Any business has its drawbacks, so when using such units you need to be prepared for the fact that the device may fail and need to be replaced.

Stop the disc with a foreign object. After this, it will only be possible to stop displaying the disk, but the AMR system (automatic measurement and control system for electricity) will continue to count correctly.

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In addition to the various legal ways to reduce your electricity consumption, it is tempting to stop the electricity meter, bypass the meter, or rewind the meter.

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Payment for electricity constitutes a significant part of the family budget; there is a natural desire to reduce energy bills.

Electricity, gas and water are basic resources without which human existence would be virtually impossible. Only for all these resources consumed by humans, you need to pay. To ensure that everyone pays only for what they consume, special meters are installed.

Socket device

To reduce connection problems, you should adhere to the same standard for sockets. Previously, domestic products of type C5 were installed in apartments, where there was no grounding, and the diameter of the pins was 4 mm. Now it has been completely replaced by a Euro socket C6 with a 4.8 mm connector (German standard). Its power can reach several kilowatts. The basis of the socket is a contact block, which includes the following elements:

1. Identical phase and neutral contacts.
2. Ground contact located separately.
3. Plastic or ceramic base (block).
4. Fastening feet.
5. Terminals for connecting wires to contacts.

Sockets are available in indoor and outdoor versions. The first is installed in the socket box, and the second is installed through the substrate on the wall surface.

Protection of sockets from external influences

Protection of sockets from environmental influences is classified according to European standards. Its degree is indicated by IP with two digits. The first means resistance to dust and solid objects. If it is 0, then the model is not protected in any way. The maximum level is expressed as 6. This means that dust and solid particles cannot get inside. The second number (from 0 to) indicates the degree of protection against liquid ingress. Here, complete moisture insulation is ensured at a value of 8. Maximum protection should not always be strived for. Already at number 5, complete moisture insulation is achieved in domestic conditions.

Ways to steal electricity are stopping and bypassing the electricity meter.

The method will not work if the meter is installed on a power line and was installed that way recently.

• Single-phase 220-volt lines can also be used to rob electricians. To do this, you need to live in the private sector, where all this can be done unnoticed. But you need to remember:
• It is impossible for an unprepared person to get onto the overhead line; not all electricians risk climbing - this is prohibited by safety regulations;
• Some craftsmen make an inconspicuous sketch; if they find it, they will pay a huge fine.;
• The last method is a special meter breakdown.

To take readings from such a meter, it is not necessary to enter the house or send a notification to the consumer, who is also freed from the expectations of our specialists. The main goal of these systems is: - reduction of commercial and technical costs of electricity loss; — reduction of operating costs; — calculation of the balance of received and consumed electricity Forum on electricity and electricity “Electric House” The brain is 80 percent liquid, and not only is it slowed down, so many are not specifically filled in yet... All thematic questions and answers to them are only on the forum! I do not respond personally on the electrical bulletin board. Advertising on our board is seen by a large number of visitors, they change hands and always have a good response. How to deceive an electronic meter on a pole We will talk about the main ones in this article and hope that this information will be useful to you if you decide to install an electric meter outside your home.

Tools and materials for working with electrical fittings

For work you will need the following tools:

• Voltage indicator.
• Straight and Phillips screwdrivers.
• Pliers with insulated handles.
• Side cutters.
• Knife for installation.
• Cotton and vinyl insulating tape.
• Type C insulating caps.
• Cold solder.
• Silicone sealant.
• Electric drill with attachments for drilling drywall or concrete.
• Hammer.
• Dowels.

Installation Rules

It is recommended to install sockets at a height of 80 cm. It is possible lower, but not less than 30 cm. If there is protection from moisture and an RCD is used, the installation height can be reduced. Nowadays even the baseboard is made with a socket if the wiring is done through it. So, it is convenient to connect floor-standing devices. In this case, there is no need to groove the walls. In children's sockets along with switches are installed at a height of 150-170 cm so that children cannot reach them. It is customary for electricians to place the phase contact in the socket on the window side. If the wall is without it, the phase is on the left when you stand facing the socket.

During installation, a small supply of wire is left in case of thermal deformation. The cable is passed under the terminal block. If the thickness is large, the outer shell is removed. If wires are routed around the block, the phase is carried out separately. It is allowed to insert two wires into the terminal when creating a group or module. Connecting wires through the socket to other stationary consumers is not allowed. For this purpose, a socket module with a built-in terminal block is used.

Left electrical connection. If the cable goes underground

To insert the left socket, large-scale excavation work will have to be carried out. It is not even connected with connecting the wire to the input cable, but with ensuring its further uninterrupted operation. Underground, it is affected by many factors: moisture from the soil, its acidity, microorganisms and various rodents. As a result, to connect the left socket, in addition to the fact that you need to dig out the cable, you will have to remove the insulation from it, screw the wire onto it and carefully insulate the connection. This is done using a coupling - homemade, into which epoxy resin is poured, or purchased - with a special composition. In addition, in most cases, all this has to be done with a live wire.

It is almost impossible to detect such a connection - the owner of the house can only be let down by two factors - the well-equipped team of inspectors and his own lack of foresight. If you are unlucky in the first case, then if electricity theft is suspected, electricians with sensitive instruments capable of detecting the electromagnetic field of a phase wire at a distance of about a meter will arrive to inspect the site. If the left wire is laid away from the main line, it can be detected.

A simpler way is to turn off the input circuit breaker on the meter and bypass all sockets with a voltage indicator. If the left socket is visible, then the presence of voltage in it will give it away, as they say, with your head.

To prevent this from happening, prudent craftsmen pull part of the wire next to the main one, which will always be energized, and if it is necessary to make a branch, they place a starter there. In this case, the control phase, which keeps it in the on state, is taken after the introductory machine. It turns out that when there is a power outage in the house, it also disappears in the left outlet. This requires additional installation work, but in this case, anything can be proven to the inspector only by digging up the entire route along which the input cable goes to the house, which requires very good reasons.

Another mistake that a person installing the left socket can make is to take it from the grounding rather than the home zero. In this case, the left connection is determined by disconnecting the zero - the desired outlet, unlike all the others, will work.

How to wind up an electric meter

What have today’s “Kulibins” invented to save on electricity? The only good news is that there are few such innovators in the region and the number of cases of theft is decreasing every year: the fines for this crime are too high, and it is quite difficult to hide traces of connections.

So, the question is: this topic is discussed very widely on the Internet, so I won’t write in detail; anyone who needs it will find it. This simple design is inexpensive and is easily accessible to stop the meter using a magnet. There are 3 common types of meters: mechanical (induction), electromechanical (hybrid) and digital (electronic). The first two have moving metal parts that are stopped by a magnet, so you can simply attach a neodymium magnet to the top or side of the meter, respectively.

Unwinding speed 1.5 - 2.0 kW * hour.

The circuit does not contain expensive and rare parts (a programmable controller is not required).

In this case, the instantaneous direction of the counter flow in the windings is also important.

Electrical shock or shock is another popular way to shut down a tool and overwork it. This is achieved by high-voltage burning of the voltage winding.

Note! It is important to note that compared to a magnet or bug, this is the most dangerous method, since the user may get hurt while using the current and break the equipment. Radio communication may also be interrupted.

The bug is an advanced device that works very simply. Either it cuts off the voltage coil, or it sticks into the electric motor of the electric meter and stops working. In this case, it is important to install the device correctly, acting strictly according to the instructions offered by the manufacturer of such fraudulent equipment. As with the magnet, there is a way to be scrutinized by government officials and incur a serious fine. In addition, it is possible to turn off electrical equipment and turn off the neighbors' electricity.

Meter load is a less popular way of bypassing electrical equipment because it can be balanced. It can break down, just like neighboring electrical appliances. More common ways to bypass equipment are reprogramming, recharge from neighbors, and constructive interference with the operation of the meter.

Of course, all these steps can only be performed by a professional who knows an electrician. If a person is a competent electrician, he will be able to reflash software algorithms to steal a certain amount of electricity or water, and will also be able to connect to an extraneous phase thanks to the input power distribution device in the basement, install wires on busbars with ASU terminals and stretch the cable.

The only reason people change their meters is to lower their electricity and water bills. This is especially true due to the constant increase in prices for a kilowatt of electricity and a cubic meter of water. At the same time, each time users come up with more and more new ways to deceive utility companies and reduce the amount of amounts to be paid.

It is important to note that this is an effective way to change the number of kilowatts introduced in any given month. In this way, you can save from 200 to 1000 rubles, depending on the effectiveness of the method used.

Free electricity from the ground

The earth is a favorable environment for generating electricity. There are three environments in the soil:

• humidity - drops of water;
• hardness - minerals;
• gaseousness - air between minerals and water.

In addition, electrical processes constantly take place in the soil, since its main humus complex is a system in which a negative charge is formed on the outer shell, and a positive charge on the inner shell, which entails the constant attraction of positively charged electrons to negative ones.

The method is similar to that used in conventional batteries. To generate electricity from the ground, two electrodes should be immersed in the ground to a depth of half a meter. One is copper, the second is made of galvanized iron. The distance between the electrodes should be approximately 25 cm. The soil between the conductors is filled with saline solution, and wires are connected to the conductors, one will have a positive charge, the other will have a negative charge.

In practical conditions, the output power of such an installation will be approximately 3W. The charge power also depends on the composition of the soil. Of course, such power is not enough to provide energy supply in a private home, but the installation can be strengthened by changing the size of the electrodes or connecting the required number in series. After conducting the first experiment, you can roughly calculate how many such installations are needed to provide 1 kW, and then calculate the required amount based on average consumption per day.

Common methods of stealing electricity

"Bug" or theft of electricity from wires

This method is applicable in the private sector. We recommend that you periodically inspect the overhead cable line running through your street. It may turn out that they are stealing from you! This is relevant in dacha cooperatives, since the general cooperative needs for electricity supply will fall on your shoulders.

An unauthorized connection of the entire home network to an electrical input or overhead power line occurs, thereby bypassing the energy meter. Sometimes scammers use this method to power individual particularly powerful consumers. As a rule, supply wires are thrown onto an unprotected power line, the other ends of which are already integrated into the intra-house network after the meter. In this case, the input machine is turned off, excluding the flow of current through the meter itself. Or they simply power a powerful, voracious consumer, such as an electric heater, welding machine, or other devices, using this method.

If you are sure that your neighbor has energy-intensive equipment, then it is worth taking a closer look.

"Left zero." Operation of the meter without a neutral wire

Once again, when passing by the energy meter, pay attention to whether it is counting. If the readings do not change for a long time, but you are sure that electricity is being used, we recommend contacting the relevant authorities.

This method is very common among scammers in the post-Soviet space due to its simplicity. The essence of the theft process is the notorious bypass of the meter along the neutral wire. We recommend taking a closer look at old disk counters. Old-style metering devices are susceptible to the flow of currents through the neutral wire, and in the absence of such, the device simply stops taking into account electricity consumption. As a rule, “zero” is removed from the outlet network and grounded. Borrowers can be water supply and heating pipes, metal supporting structures of the building.

A sign of such theft is the tingling sensation of electric current from heating and water supply pipes. This means that one of your neighbors is doing this.

Interference with the operation of the meter.

If the design of a metering device allows an attacker to influence its internal mechanisms, then perhaps he will not interfere with the operation of the metering device. For example, old-style meters are tilted forward at a certain angle, and they no longer adequately count energy. Also, with such counters, with certain skills, scammers manage to get through the front glass to the counting mechanism and stop it.

Magnets for the meter body

Heavy-duty magnets deserve a special place on the list (according to their advertising). We are more familiar with such products as neodymium magnets. It is understood that such products are applied to the body of the metering device, which entails failures and disruptions in the operation of the latter. The metal parts of the counting mechanism are inhibited, and the integrity of the magnetic field of the current counting coils is disrupted. At least that's what the advertisement for these magnets says. I am inclined to believe that the manufacturers of metering devices have provided for the influence of such magnets. Since counting mechanisms have long been made of non-magnetic materials.

Operation Impulse.

Craftsmen also did not sit still and finally invented a device capable of consuming electricity without “winding up” kilowatt-hours on the meter. The principle of such a device is the originality of energy consumption. This device takes it in short-term pulses, which in turn does not allow metering devices of older models to read current. This occurs due to the mechanical inertia of the counting mechanism parts.

Reprogramming the counter.

If the level of professional training of a lover of free energy is high, then he can carry out the procedure of reflashing the program algorithms of a modern meter in order to steal a certain part of the electricity.

Preparation

Before making sockets in the apartment, you need to draw up a diagram that should indicate:

• installation location;
• load power and number of connections;
• wiring supply;
• connection method.

The places where the sockets will be installed depend on the location of the electricity consumers: TV, computer, refrigerator, washing machine, electric stove, etc. Where many pieces of equipment are concentrated, it is advisable to install socket blocks (up to 5 pieces). It is necessary to ensure the convenience of connecting temporary devices: power tools, vacuum cleaners, chargers for gadgets. In case of high humidity, sockets with degree of protection IP44 are used, with connection through an RCD from the control panel. An indicator that the sockets in the rooms are installed correctly is the absence of extension cords and tees.

Schemes for supplying electricity to the house

This parameter directly depends on the distance to the nearest power line. The following possible options exist:

• If the distance between the house and the power line is less than 25 meters, it is permissible to run a direct overhead cable to the building of a residential building. Grounding must be carried out, and the cable is inserted into the house in a metal pipe (necessarily with grounding). The height of the supplied cable must be 2 meters or more from the ground.
• When the power transmission line is more than 25 meters away from a residential building, an intermediate support is used. An electricity metering panel is placed on this support and a grounding loop is installed. Further tactics on how to route the cable into the house depend on the owner’s preferences (by air or by ground). In the first option, the cable height should be 2.75 meters.

When entering the building underground, care should be taken in advance to ensure the presence of technical openings and protective pipes. Do not insert the cable into the house below the foundation level.

Expert opinion

It-Technology, Electrical power and electronics specialist

Ask questions to the “Specialist for modernization of energy generation systems”

Do-it-yourself wiring in the house: example diagrams for beginners. Everything about the selection of power and proper wiring and installation. And, of course, it is better to plan the installation of sockets and lamps in the garden in advance, even before laying the paths with tiles, laying the lawn or planting flowers in the beds. Ask, I'm in touch!

Connection diagram of switches to the network

Connection diagram for single-key light switch

Connection diagram for a two-key light switch. The black phase wiring is connected with a screw to the block terminal marked with the letter L (phase). The blue neutral wire connects to the terminal marked N. The cable should be screwed tightly, but not too tightly so as to break it.

How to choose a good smart plug?

A simple “SMS socket” is the best option for a dacha, where there is not always normal high-speed Internet access

The first thing you need to decide on is the required functionality. You should not buy those sockets that “have everything for any occasion in life” - they are expensive, bulky in size, and their settings may not be so easy for the average consumer to understand. Therefore, initially you need to estimate how many sockets you plan to install and what each of them will be used for. For example, a GSM socket with a temperature sensor will be relevant not only for connecting electric heaters, but also for monitoring the temperature not only in the house, but also in a greenhouse, basement, or at work, even without connecting anything to the socket itself.

The second is the power limit. The second is the power limit. If you plan to connect a water heater, heater, electric kettle, or washing machine to the outlet, then you need an outlet with a permissible load of up to 16A.

Third is the remote control option. Most often people buy Wi-Fi sockets - they are the cheapest and easily connect to the Internet. A smart GSM socket will be relevant if the user does not always have access to the Internet, since the devices do not depend on it. The undoubted advantage of such outlets is their cheaper monthly maintenance compared to others. There are also radio-controlled ones (or with a BlueTooth module), but they are less popular, since to control them you need to be in close proximity to the outlet itself. And their functionality is quite poor - control via a radio signal is considered an outdated standard.

The last guideline is the price of a smart plug. There is no point in saving in this regard. Especially if you plan to buy a socket from some Chinese manufacturer. They are cheaper, but have a number of disadvantages:

• quality and reliability are low (since practically no manufacturer controls these parameters in production);
• there are no clear instructions (and if there are, they are either in Chinese or broken English);
• smartphone applications that control the socket rarely have a Russian-language interface;
• sockets that need to be mounted in the wall have non-standard dimensions (accordingly, they most often do not fit a traditional “Euro glass”).

But now there are Russian manufacturers of such gadgets. All of the above disadvantages are absent in them, and as for quality, their characteristics are regulated by GOST provisions, and there is no doubt about their reliability. The average cost of a good master socket is about 5 thousand rubles, for a slave socket - 3 thousand. If the price is significantly lower, then the manufacturer has clearly saved on materials or functionality.

Bypassing the meter through grounding

Meters should be changed for free now

Photo: Daria Selenskaya / Network of city portals

A law on smart meters has come into force in Russia, which should change the relationship between electricity consumers and their suppliers. According to him, metering devices should become not only smart, but also free for consumers. For now, only the first stage will be in effect: owners of houses and apartments no longer have to monitor their electricity meters. Let's figure out what this means in practice.

What is a smart meter?

A smart meter, or, as the Ministry of Energy respectfully calls it, an intelligent metering device, differs from a regular one in that it has access to the Internet - wired or mobile - using a SIM card. The technology allows data to be transferred from the energy company's meter automatically. And it’s not just about the readings - the meter will record the voltage level and frequency, allowing consumers to monitor the quality of the electricity supply.

True, such self-sufficiency may have disadvantages - smart things have surprised their owners more than once. For example, in Novosibirsk paid subscriptions were connected to the garage door SIM card. But the Ministry of Energy assured that these problems will not affect the end consumer: the contract should be drawn up not for the user, but for the company servicing the meter. And let her deal with paid subscriptions.

Who is the owner of the counter?

According to the law, the consumer retains the only obligation - to ensure the integrity of the meter, and then only if it is located either in the client’s apartment or within the boundaries of the land plot (for example, in the courtyard of a private house). And if the meter is located, for example, in the entrance of an apartment building, the service organization is responsible for it.

The installation of smart meters themselves is not yet necessary - a full transition to them will begin in 2022, for now you can use regular ones. But, as the Ministry of Energy explained, the consumer cannot independently choose a meter. If you want to install a smart meter now, the supplier has the right to refuse you. And vice versa: he can install a regular metering device, even if you already want a smart one.

Do-it-yourself wiring in the house

This is especially important if the wiring is installed using a hidden method. This kind of forethought will make life easier in the future. Wires should be placed strictly along straight horizontal and vertical lines. They cannot be drawn diagonally or curved, even to save money. During any construction work, you must consult the wiring plan. This is especially true for various drilling operations, when there is a high risk of touching the wire. If the wiring is located in an open manner, then it must be placed in a box. All switches and sockets should be located on the same side of the door and at the same height.