Let there be light, said the electrician: 20 useful cheat sheets for working with electricity (33 photos)

Author: Millefeuille

11 March 2022 13:07

Community: Idea Factory

Tags: longfishki Idea Factory Cribs Humor interesting electricians electricity  

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Electricity plays a huge role in our lives. Try to imagine what would happen if it suddenly disappeared. And when doing repairs, we first of all think about where to place the sockets, what all these inscriptions mean, and so on. But read, understand, but still call a trusted specialist for the job, our advice to you...

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Electrical wiring in the bathroom

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zone 1 is the space directly above the dimensions of the bathtub or shower tray. It is 225 cm in height. In the figure, the height is marked from the floor, but it would be correct to count it from the bottom of the bathtub or shower tray. In this zone, only electrical appliances with a supply voltage of no more than 12 V can be placed, and the power source must provide galvanic isolation of the device from the network and be located outside zone 1, or even better, outside the bathroom. Zone 2 is a 60 cm wide space immediately surrounding zone 1. Electric water heaters and lamps can be installed in this zone. But not sockets! But in zone 3, installation of sockets is already permissible.

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How can electricians take revenge on an unscrupulous customer?

Disputes between the contractor and the customer are common. Sometimes electricians find themselves very angry that they were forced to redo poorly performed work or made other claims. In this case, it is possible that they will decide to take revenge on the client and create problems for him in the future. Here are two examples:

• Poor contact. The worker may simply not tighten the screws in the terminals, which will cause the contact to burn out. Because of this, the light bulbs in the lighting fixtures may constantly blink and burn out, or even the electrical box may burn out.
• Fuse in the wall . Another well-known method. A fuse is installed in the circuit break - of course, in an inconspicuous place, or even in the wall. During a test connection, everything works perfectly - the client signs all the documents and pays for the work. But as soon as you use a powerful consumer, the fuse blows. But finding the place of the cliff is not so easy.
• The phase wire is not in the right place. As punishment for underpayment, electricians may attach a phase wire in the wrong place. Here is a real case: the electricians decided to take revenge on the owner of the house, and switched the phase input wire on the support to the lamp one. Because of this, a person’s light appeared from 20:00 to 24:00 (the time the street lighting was turned on), after which it turned off. Only on the third day did the person understand what the reason was. Of course, what the electricians did was illegal, but they taught the customer a lesson.

To prevent electricians from retaliating against you, try to fulfill your obligations to them and make sure that they fulfill their obligations to you.

Want to know more about the world of electrical engineering? Then take a look here:

• 10 inventions of Thomas Edison that influenced the lives of each of us
• Why doesn't rain short-circuit high-voltage lines?

Good and bad cable

If you are not a professional, how can you understand how good the low-current cable is? To begin with, at least look at the letters and numbers on its shell.

Mistake #7

It is desirable that there are no SSA inscriptions there.

This code means that the conductors in the cable are not copper, but only copper-plated (copper-clad aluminum).

To check the quality, simply light the stripped wire with a lighter. If it turns slightly red, you have a good quality copper cable.

If the core is broken, it is cheap copper-plated aluminum.

Some will object, why do I need expensive UTP cables in my apartment at all, if the developer has already used not the best option at the entrance? I still receive a signal after it.

The fact is that providers change over time and when new clients connect, they run completely different cables along the riser. Having initially used a good cable at home, you won’t have to upgrade anything when moving to a new provider.

By the way, this is why it is recommended to enter the cable into the apartment from the entrance with a pulled cable (roughly speaking, in a tube or corrugation), in case replacement is necessary.

sections for beginners

0.3. To limit the current through the lamp, a resistor with a power of at least 0.5 W is connected in series with it (like the capacitor in Fig. 1). The brightness of the lamp depends on this resistor. However, it is not recommended to install a resistor with a resistance of less than 200 kOhm.

5)tinning nichrome wire

Small value wirewound resistors are most often made independently from nichrome. In this case, the problem of ensuring a reliable electrical connection with a copper wire lead always arises - after all, nichrome is difficult to tinning with conventional rosin flux. It is much easier to tin the end of a nichrome wire if you use ordinary powdered citric acid as a flux. A very small amount (two match heads) of citric acid powder is poured onto a wooden stand, the stripped end of the wire is placed on the powder and the tip of a hot soldering iron is moved along it with some force. The powder melts and wets the wire well. The tinned conductor is placed on rosin and further de-tinned - this is necessary in order to remove any remaining citric acid from the wire. Using the described method, you can tin small objects made of steel and other metals.

6) a non-polar capacitor made of two polar ones

If you ever need a regular high-capacity non-polar capacitor, for example, to start an asynchronous motor, and it will be difficult to find one, you can use another tricky tip. Such a capacitor can be composed of two polar electrolytic capacitors connected in series. To do this, they need to be connected to each other with negative terminals. But it must be remembered that the capacitance of each of the electrolytic capacitors used must be twice the required capacitance of a non-polar capacitor, because when capacitors are connected in series, their capacitances are added according to the formula to find the total resistance of two parallel-connected resistances. This formula can be found here. Only instead of resistance values ​​you need to substitute capacitance values

7) Zener diode as a quenching resistor

If you have a certain power supply with a fixed DC output voltage, and its value is slightly higher than what you need to power any device, then the excess voltage can be suppressed using a zener diode using the example in Fig. 2. The stabilization voltage of the KS156A zener diode is 5.6V. Therefore, at the output of the power supply after the voltage drop on the zener diode will be about 6.4V. Taking into account the small variations in the parameters of zener diodes as radio components, as well as in the case of insufficient absorption of excess voltage by them, one or two or more diodes can be included in the circuit in series with the direction of the current. Due to the forward voltage drop Upr (there is such a value), the output voltage on the diodes will decrease slightly. If you do not have reference data, then on average you can take into account that the forward voltage drop on one germanium-type diode is about 0.5V, on one silicon-type diode is about 1.2V. You can also connect zener diodes in series. Then the total extinguished voltage will be equal to the sum of the stabilization voltages of each zener diode. Also note that the zener diode is turned on in the opposite direction of the current, as opposed to turning on a diode. In any case of using zener diodes and diodes, it must be taken into account that the forward current of the diode (there is such a value) must exceed the load current by a margin. Accordingly, the stabilization current of the zener diode should not be less than the current consumed by the load.

From shmakov. professional advice for a home electrician (fb2)

S. B. Shmakov

Directories Hobbies and crafts

Professional advice for a home electrician 11458K, 324p. (read) (read page by page) (download fb2) published in 2014 (post) (illustrations)

The modern power grid is evolving with the emergence of new loads, new safety requirements, and new tasks. The directory contains information necessary for a modern home electrician on elements of the home electrical network, electrical safety, efficient light sources, metering and energy saving.

The material is presented on the modern basis of the new 7th edition of the PUE (Electrical Installation Rules). The book will be useful both for those who are renovating an apartment and for those who are shaping the electrical network of a cottage under construction or a purchased apartment in a new building in a state “without finishing, after the builders” for their tasks.

There are many interesting examples, useful tips, important warnings, pictures and tables. The book and virtual video course are easy to understand; the reader finds simple answers to many complex questions. At the same time, we should not forget that a number of complex power supply issues should be resolved by professionals together with you. The book is intended for a wide audience.

The information will be useful to both “advanced” electricians and those who want to master the art of a home electrician. This is a reference book for every man.

The virtual video course is located at https://planerist916.ru/.
You will find dozens of professionally produced videos designed for today's home electricians. Linguistic text analysis:
Approximate pages: 324 pages – slightly above average (234) Average sentence length: 87.73 characters – close to average (85)

Active vocabulary: close to average

1357.16 unique words per 3000 words of text

Share of dialogues in the text: 0.00% – very little (25%)

Detailed text analysis >>

Source: https://coollib.net/b/423255

Encyclopedia of the home master. | Concrete and construction technologies - help

Home >> Do it yourself >> to help the home handyman, home handyman, do it yourself, advice from home handymen, home handyman encyclopedia

admin 08.10.2013

Dear Colleagues!

We continue with you a series of articles under the general heading “Do it yourself,” and we will talk about a large section where all the best and most useful things are collected, it will essentially be a kind of Encyclopedia of the home craftsman.

First, I advise you to pre-register for the sale of educational video courses and purchase them at a big discount.

There are also free training video courses:

1 “60 of the most incredible and non-standard questions when installing water supply and sewerage systems”

2 “The warmth of your home is in your hands.” All about heating systems.

3 “What to build a house from?”

+4 “Young Electrician Course”.

+5 “Warm floor under laminate.”

To download these 4 video tutorials for free, click on the links, go to the page and To get the video tutorial , enter your name and e-mail in the form on the right and click the “Download Now” button

5 “100 questions and answers on underfloor heating.” This is a book, download it directly from this link.

“International Marathon” The International Marathon “Do-it-yourself repairs - 100 ideas for a home craftsman” is being held, which will be held periodically. Everything to solve home-related problems in one place! 10 speakers will share their knowledge and experience.

You can also download the book “Encyclopedia of the Home Craftsman” to help the home craftsman

I wish you success so that your home is always light, warm and cozy.

Well, that seems to be all on this topic.

Dear colleagues, do not forget to follow the link to the main page of my website, you will find a lot of useful information not only about concrete, building materials, but also about construction in general.

That's all, click on this link to see other interesting and useful materials on my site.

I wish you success.

Create, dare and win!

Sincerely, Nikolay Pastukhov .

Source: https://www.helpbeton.ru/enciklopediya-domashnego-mastera.html